1.phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) 4x3-8x2=4x
b)(2-5x)(2x+1)- (2-5x)
c)x2 - x +y-y2
d) 4x2 - 25
e)3x2-7x+4
f)(x-y)(x-5)-x2+2xy-y2
2.tìm x
a)x3 - 3x2 =0
b)2(5-x)-3x(x-5)=0
c)9x2=(2x-1)2
3. tìm GTLN
A=5/x2-2x+5
Bài 3: Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x2 + 10x + 25. b) 8x - 16 - x2
c) x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 d) (x + y)2 - 9x2
e) (x + 5)2 – (2x -1)2
Bài 4: Tìm x biết
a) x2 – 9 = 0 b) (x – 4)2 – 36 = 0
c) x2 – 10x = -25 d) x2 + 5x + 6 = 0
Bài 3
a) x² + 10x + 25
= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²
= (x + 5)²
b) 8x - 16 - x²
= -(x² - 8x + 16)
= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)
= -(x - 4)²
c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1
= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³
= (x + 1)³
d) (x + y)² - 9x²
= (x + y)² - (3x)²
= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)
= (y - 2x)(4x + y)
e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²
= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)
= (6 - x)(3x + 4)
Bài 4
a) x² - 9 = 0
x² = 9
x = 3 hoặc x = -3
b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0
(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0
(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0
x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
*) x - 10 = 0
x = 10
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy x = -2; x = 10
c) x² - 10x = -25
x² - 10x + 25 = 0
(x - 5)² = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5
d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0
x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0
(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0
x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
*) x + 3 = 0
x = -3
Vậy x = -3; x = -2
Bài 1: Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a. 1 - 4x2
b. 8 - 27x3
c. 27 + 27x + 9x 2 + x3
d. 2x3 + 4x2 + 2x
e. x2 - 5x - y2 + 5y
f. x2 - 6x + 9 - y2
g. 10x (x - y) - 6y(y - x)
h. x2 - 4x - 5
i. x4 - y4
Bài 2: Tìm x, biết
a. 5(x - 2) = x - 2
b. 3(x - 5) = 5 - x
c. (x +2)2 - (x+ 2) (x - 2) = 0
Bài 3: Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức
a. A = x2 - 6x + 11
b. B = 4x2 - 20x + 101
c. C = -x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28
a.
\(1-4x^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
b.
\(8-27x^3=\left(2\right)^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
c.
\(27+27x+9x^2+x^3=x^3+3.x^2.3+3.3^2.x+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^3\)
d.
\(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
e.
\(x^2-y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
f.
\(x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
g. 10x(x-y)-6y(y-x)
=10x(x-y)+6y(x-y)
=(x-y)(10x+6y)
h.x2-4x-5
=(x-5)(x+1)
i.x4-y4 = (x2-y2)(x2+y2)
B2.
a.5(x-2)=x-2
⇔5(x-2)-(x-2)=0
⇔4(x-2)=0
⇔x=2
b.3(x-5)=5-x
⇔3(x-5)+(x-5)=0
⇔4(x-5)=0
⇔x=5
c.(x+2)2-(x+2)(x-2)=0
⇔(x+2)[(x+2)-(x-2)]=0
⇔4(x+2)=0
⇔x=-2
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 8 x 3 - 2x; b) 5x - 25 x 2 + 10 x 3 9 ;
c) -5 x 3 (x + 1) + x + 1; d) x 3 27 + x 6 729 − x 9 ;
e) x ( y - x ) 2 - x 2 + 2xy - y 2 ; g) x ( x – y ) 2 - y ( x – y ) 2 + x y 2 - x 2 y.
Giải các phương trình tích sau:
1.a)(3x – 2)(4x + 5) = 0 b) (2,3x – 6,9)(0,1x + 2) = 0
c)(4x + 2)(x2 + 1) = 0 d) (2x + 7)(x – 5)(5x + 1) = 0
2. a)(3x + 2)(x2 – 1) = (9x2 – 4)(x + 1)
b)x(x + 3)(x – 3) – (x + 2)(x2 – 2x + 4) = 0
c)2x(x – 3) + 5(x – 3) = 0 d)(3x – 1)(x2 + 2) = (3x – 1)(7x – 10)
3.a)(2x – 5)2 – (x + 2)2 = 0 b)(3x2 + 10x – 8)2 = (5x2 – 2x + 10)2
c)(x2 – 2x + 1) – 4 = 0 d)4x2 + 4x + 1 = x2
4. a) 3x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 b) x2 – 5x + 6 = 0
c) x2 – 3x + 2 = 0 d) 2x2 – 6x + 1 = 0
e) 4x2 – 12x + 5 = 0 f) 2x2 + 5x + 3 = 0
Bài 1:
a) (3x - 2)(4x + 5) = 0
<=> 3x - 2 = 0 hoặc 4x + 5 = 0
<=> 3x = 2 hoặc 4x = -5
<=> x = 2/3 hoặc x = -5/4
b) (2,3x - 6,9)(0,1x + 2) = 0
<=> 2,3x - 6,9 = 0 hoặc 0,1x + 2 = 0
<=> 2,3x = 6,9 hoặc 0,1x = -2
<=> x = 3 hoặc x = -20
c) (4x + 2)(x^2 + 1) = 0
<=> 4x + 2 = 0 hoặc x^2 + 1 # 0
<=> 4x = -2
<=> x = -2/4 = -1/2
d) (2x + 7)(x - 5)(5x + 1) = 0
<=> 2x + 7 = 0 hoặc x - 5 = 0 hoặc 5x + 1 = 0
<=> 2x = -7 hoặc x = 5 hoặc 5x = -1
<=> x = -7/2 hoặc x = 5 hoặc x = -1/5
bài 2:
a, (3x+2)(x^2-1)=(9x^2-4)(x+1)
(3x+2)(x-1)(x+1)=(3x-2)(3x+2)(x+1)
(3x+2)(x-1)(x+1)-(3x-2)(3x+2)(x+1)=0
(3x+2)(x+1)(1-2x)=0
b, x(x+3)(x-3)-(x-2)(x^2-2x+4)=0
x(x^2-9)-(x^3+8)=0
x^3-9x-x^3-8=0
-9x-8=0
tự tìm x nha
Câu 1 (3,0 điểm): Tính
a) 3x2 (2x2 − 5x − 4)
b) (x + 1)2 + ( x − 2 )(x + 3 ) − 4x
c) (6 x5 y2 − 9 x4 y3 +12 x3 y4 ) : 3x3 y2
Câu 2 (4,0 điểm): Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) 7x2 +14xy b) 3x + 12 − (x2 + 4x)
c ) x2 − 2xy + y2 − z2 d) x2 − 2x −15
Câu 3 (0,5 điểm): Tìm x
a) 3x2 + 6x = 0 b) x (x − 1) + 2x − 2 = 0
Câu 4 (2,0 điểm): Cho hình bình hành ABCD (AB > BC). Tia phân giác của góc D cắt AB ở E, tia phân giác của góc B cắt CD ở F.
a) Chứng minh DE song song BF
b) Tứ giác DEBF là hình gì?
Câu 5 (0,5 điểm ):
Chứng minh rằng A= n3 + (n+1)3 + (n+2)3 chia hết cho 9 với mọi n ∈ N*
\(1,\\ a,=6x^4-15x^3-12x^2\\ b,=x^2+2x+1+x^2+x-3-4x=2x^2-x-2\\ c,=2x^2-3xy+4y^2\\ 2,\\ a,=7x\left(x+2y\right)\\ b,=3\left(x+4\right)-x\left(x+4\right)=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+4\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\\ d,=x^2-5x+3x-15=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\\ 3,\\ a,\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1
a)\(3x^2\left(2x^2-5x-4\right)=6x^4-15x^3-12x^2\)
b)\(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)-4x=x^2+2x+1+x^2+3x-2x-6-4x=2x^2-x-5\)
Bài 2
a) \(7x^2+14xy=7x\left(x+2y\right)\)
b) \(3x+12-\left(x^2+4x\right)=-x^2-x+12=\left(-x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2\)
d) \(x^2-2x-15=x^2+3x-5x-15=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
1,phân tích mỗi đa thức sau thành phân tử
a,(x+2y)2-(x-y)2
b,(x+1)3+(x-1)3
c,9x2-3x+2y-4y2
d,4x2-4xy+2x-y+y2
e,x3+3x2+3x+1-y3
g,x3-2x2y+xy2-4x
a) \(\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x+2y+x-y\right)\left(x+2y-x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right).3y\)
b) \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1+x-1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
c) \(9x^2-3x+2y-4y^2\)
\(=9x^2-4y^2-3x+2y\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(3x+2y\right)-\left(3x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left[3x+2y-1\right]\)
d) \(4x^2-4xy+2x-y+y^2\)
\(=4x^2-4xy+y^2+2x-y\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)^2+2x-y\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)\)
e) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+y\left(x+1\right)+y^2\right]\)
g) \(x^3-2x^2y+xy^2-4x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4x\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)^2-4x\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
a) (x + 2y)² - (x - y)²
= (x + 2y - x + y)(x + 2y + x - y)
= 3y(2x + y)
b) (x + 1)³ + (x - 1)³
= (x + 1 + x - 1)[(x + 1)² - (x + 1)(x - 1) + (x - 1)²]
= 2x(x² + 2x + 1 - x² + 1 + x² - 2x + 1)
= 2x(x² + 3)
c) 9x² - 3x + 2y - 4y²
= (9x² - 4y²) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y - 1)
d) 4x² - 4xy + 2x - y + y²
= (4x² - 4xy + y²) + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)² + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)(2x - y + 1)
e) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1 - y³
= (x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1) - y³
= (x + 1)³ - y³
= (x + 1 - y)[(x + 1)² + (x + 1)y + y²]
= (x - y + 1)(x² + 2x + 1 + xy + y + y²)
g) x³ - 2x²y + xy² - 4x
= x(x² - 2xy + y² - 4)
= x[(x² - 2xy + y²) - 4]
= x[(x - y)² - 2²]
= x(x - y - 2)(x - y + 2)
Bài 5: Tìm nghiệm của các đa thức sau: Dạng 1: a) 4x + 9 b) -5x + 6 c) 7 – 2x d) 2x + 5 Dạng 2: a) ( x+ 5 ) ( x – 3) b) ( 2x – 6) ( x – 3) c) ( x – 2) ( 4x + 10 ) Dạng 3: a) x2 -2x b) x2 – 3x c) 3x2 – 4x d) ( 2x- 1)2 Dạng 4: a) x2 – 1 b) x2 – 9 c)– x 2 + 25 d) x2 - 2 e) 4x2 + 5 f) –x 2 – 16 g) - 4x4 – 25 Dạng 5: a) 2x2 – 5x + 3 b) 4x2 + 6x – 1 c) 2x2 + x – 1 d) 3x2 + 2x – 1
Bài 2 Phân tích thành nhân tử
a) 3x2 – 7x – 10
b) x2 + 6x +9 – 4y2
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – 5x + 5y’
d) 4x2 – y2 – 6x + 3y
e) 1 – 2a + 2bc + a2 – b2 – c2
f) x3 – 3x2 – 4x + 12
g) x4 + 64
h) x4 – 5x2 + 4
i) (x+1)(x+3)(x+5)(x+7) + 16
j) (x2 + 6x +8)( x2 + 14x + 48) – 9
k) ( x2 – 8x + 15)(x2 – 16x + 60) – 24x2
l) 4( x2 + 15x + 50)(x2 +18x +72) – 3x2
Bài 3 tìm gtnn
A = 9x2 – 6x + 2
B = 4x2 + 5x + 10
C = x2 – x + 10
D = 4x2 + 3x + 20
E = x2 + y2 – 6xy + 10y + 35
F= x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y +2
M= 2x2 + 4y2 – 4xy – 4x – 4y +2021
Bài 2:
a) \(3x^2-7x-10=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
b) \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
d) \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)-3\left(2x-y\right)=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y-3\right)\)
e) \(1-2a+2bc+a^2-b^2-c^2=\left(a-1\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(a-1-b+c\right)\left(a-1+b-c\right)\)
f) \(x^3-3x^2-4x+12=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
g) \(x^4+64=\left(x^2+8\right)^2-16x^2=\left(x^2+8-4x\right)\left(x^2+6+4x\right)\)h) \(x^4-5x^2+4=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
i) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)^2+8\left(x^2+8x+7\right)+16=\left(x^2+8x+11\right)^2\)
a: \(3x^2-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
b: \(x^2+6x+9-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3-2y\right)\left(x+3+2y\right)\)
c: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-5x+5y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-5\right)\)
a) 3x2−7x−10=(x+1)(3x−10)3x2−7x−10=(x+1)(3x−10)
b) x2+6x+9−4y2=(x+3)2−(2y)2=(x+3−2y)(x+3+2y)x2+6x+9−4y2=(x+3)2−(2y)2=(x+3−2y)(x+3+2y)
c) x2−2xy+y2−5x+5y=(x−y)2−5(x−y)=(x−y)(x−y−5)x2−2xy+y2−5x+5y=(x−y)2−5(x−y)=(x−y)(x−y−5)
d) 4x2−y2−6x+3y=(2x−y)(2x+y)−3(2x−y)=(2x−y)(2x+y−3)4x2−y2−6x+3y=(2x−y)(2x+y)−3(2x−y)=(2x−y)(2x+y−3)
e) 1−2a+2bc+a2−b2−c2=(a−1)2−(b−c)2=(a−1−b+c)(a−1+b−c)1−2a+2bc+a2−b2−c2=(a−1)2−(b−c)2=(a−1−b+c)(a−1+b−c)
f) x3−3x2−4x+12=(x+2)(x−3)(x−2)x3−3x2−4x+12=(x+2)(x−3)(x−2)
g) x4+64=(x2+8)2−16x2=(x2+8−4x)(x2+6+4x)x4+64=(x2+8)2−16x2=(x2+8−4x)(x2+6+4x)h) x4−5x2+4=(x+2)(x+1)(x−1)(x−2)x4−5x2+4=(x+2)(x+1)(x−1)(x−2)
i) (x+1)(x+3)(x+5)(x+7)+16=(x2+8x+7)(x2+8x+15)+16=(x2+8x+7)2+8(x2+8x+7)+16=(x2+8x+11)2(x+1)(x+3)(x+5)(x+7)+16=(x2+8x+7)(x2+8x+15)+16=(x2+8x+7)2+8(x2+8x+7)+16=(x2+8x+11)2
Bài 1:Thực hiện các phép tính
a. (x5 +4x3 - 6x2):4x2
b. (x3 +x2-12) : (x-2)
c. (-2x5+3x2-4x3):2x2
d. (x3 - 64):(x2 + 4x + 16)
Bài 2:Rút gọn biểu thức
a. 3x (x - 2)- 5x (1 - x) - 8(x2 - 3)
b.(x - y) (x2 + xy + y2)+2y3
c. (x - y)2 + (x+y)2 - 2(x-y) (x+y)
a) \(\left(x^5+4x^3-6x^2\right):4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^5:4x^2\right)+\left(4x^3:4x^2\right)+\left(-6x^2:4x^2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b)
Vậy \(\left(x^3+x^2-12\right):\left(x-2\right)=x^2+3x+6\)
c) (-2x5 : 2x2) + (3x2 : 2x2) + (-4x^3 : 2x^2)
= \(-x^3+\dfrac{3}{2}-2x\)
d) \(\left(x^3-64\right):\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2+4x+16\right):\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=x-4\)
(dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ 7)
Bài 2 :
a) 3x(x - 2) - 5x(1 - x) - 8(x2 - 3)
= 3x2 - 6x - 5x + 5x2 - 8x2 + 24
= (3x2 + 5x2 - 8x2) + (-6x - 5x) + 24
= -11x + 24
b) (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2) + 2y3
= x3 - y3 + 2y3
= x3 + y3
c) (x - y)2 + (x + y)2 - 2(x - y)(x + y)
= (x - y)2 - 2(x - y)(x + y) + (x + y)2
= [(x - y) + x + y)2 = [x - y + x + y] = (2x)2 = 4x2
Bài 1 :
a]= \(\frac{1}{4}\)x3 + x - \(\frac{3}{2}\).
b] => [x3 + x2 -12 ] = [ x2 +3 ][x-2] + [-6]
c]= -x3 -2x +\(\frac{3}{2}\).
d] = [ x3 - 64 ] = [ x2 + 4x + 16][ x- 4].
Bài1: Thực hiện phép tính
a) 2x(3x2 – 5x + 3) b) - 2x ( x2 + 5x+3)
Bài 4: Tìm x, biết.
a/ 3x + 2(5 – x) = 0 b/ x(2x – 1)(x + 5) – (2x2 + 1)(x + 4,5) = 3,5
c/ 3x2 – 3x(x – 2) = 36.
II. PHÂN TÍCH ĐA THỨC THÀNH NHÂN TỬ
Bài1: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử.
a/ 14x2y – 21xy2 + 28x2y2 b/ x(x + y) – 5x – 5y.
c/ 10x(x – y) – 8(y – x). d/ (3x + 1)2 – (x + 1)2
e/ 5x2 – 10xy + 5y2 – 20z2. f/ x2 + 7x – 8
g/ x3 – x + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 – y h/ x2 + 4x + 3.
Bài 1:
a: \(=6x^3-10x^2+6x\)
b: \(=-2x^3-10x^2-6x\)
Bài 4:
a: =>3x+10-2x=0
=>x=-10
c: =>3x2-3x2+6x=36
=>6x=36
hay x=6
Bài 1:
\(a,=6x^3-10x^2+6x\\ b,=-2x^3-10x^2-6x\)
Bài 4:
\(a,\Leftrightarrow3x+10-2x=0\Leftrightarrow x=-10\\ b,\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x^2+9x-5\right)-\left(2x^3+9x^2+x+4,5\right)=3,5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^3+9x^2-5x-2x^3-9x^2-x-4,5=3,5\\ \Leftrightarrow-6x=8\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\ c,\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x^2+6x=36\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
Bài 1:
\(a,=7xy\left(2x-3y+4xy\right)\\ b,=x\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)\left(10x+8\right)=2\left(5x+4\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ d,=\left(3x+1-x-1\right)\left(3x+1+x+1\right)\\ =2x\left(4x+2\right)=4x\left(2x+1\right)\\ e,=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ f,=x^2+8x-x-8=\left(x+8\right)\left(x-1\right)\\ g,\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\\ =\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\\ h,=x^2+3x+x+3=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\)