Cách 1:

Ta xét tích a(c-d) và c(a-b)

Ta có: a(c-d)=ac-ad (1)

           c(a-b)=ac-bc(2)

Ta lại có \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=>ad=bc (3)

Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có a(c-d)=c(a-d). Do đó \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

Cách 2:

 Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=k thì a=bk, c=dk. 

Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2)=> \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

Cách 3: Ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Aps dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=>\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

=>\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=>\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{d}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}-1=\dfrac{d}{c}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b-a}{a}=\dfrac{d-c}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{a}=\dfrac{c-d}{c}\)

hay \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)(đpcm)

Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?

Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a-b-c+d\right)=\left(a-b+c-d\right)\left(a+b-c-d\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+d\right)^2-\left(b+c\right)^2=\left(a-d\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+d-a+d\right)\left(a+d+a-d\right)=\left(b+c-b+c\right)\left(b+c+b-c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2d\cdot2a=2c\cdot2b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)

hay \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+c}{b}\left(1\right)\)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a+c}{b}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a+c}{b}\)

+)Nếu a+b+c=0

Nếu 

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có 

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{d}{e}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;b=ck;c=dk;d=ek\)

\(\Rightarrow a=bk=ck^2=dk^3=ek^4;b=ek^3\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{e}=\dfrac{ek^4}{e}=k^4\left(1\right)\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{d}{e}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^4}{b^4}=\dfrac{b^4}{c^4}=\dfrac{c^4}{d^4}=\dfrac{d^4}{e^4}=\dfrac{2a^4+3b^4+4c^4+5d^4}{2b^4+3c^4+4d^4+5e^4}\left(2\right)\)

Lại có \(\dfrac{a^4}{b^4}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^4=\left(\dfrac{ek^4}{ek^3}\right)^4=k^4\left(3\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\RightarrowĐpcm\)