Bài 1:

$M=\frac{27}{x-15}-1$

Để $M$ min thì $\frac{27}{x-15}$ min. 

Để $\frac{27}{x-15}$ min thì $x-15$ là số âm lớn nhất 

$\Rightarrow x$ là số nguyên lớn nhất nhỏ hơn 15

$\Rightarrow x=14$

Khi đó: $M_{\min}=\frac{42-14}{14-15}=-28$

Bài 2:

\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-4}=17\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-4}\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+1\right]=17\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-4}.\dfrac{17}{16}=17\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-4}=16=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-4}\)

$\Rightarrow x-4=-4\Leftrightarrow x=0$

a: ĐKXĐ: x=0; x<>1

\(M=\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-2\sqrt{x}-x+1+\sqrt{x}+x\right)\)

\(=\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)=4-x\)

b: Sửa đề: P=1/M

P=1/4-x=-1/x-4

Để P nguyên thì x-4 thuộc {1;-1}

=>x thuộc {5;3}

Chắc đề là \(A=\left(\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2\) mới đúng

\(\Delta'=\left(m-1\right)^2-\left(2m-6\right)=\left(m-2\right)^2+3>0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\\x_1x_2=2m-6\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(m\ne3\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2-2=\left(\dfrac{x_1^2+x_2^2}{x_1x_2}\right)^2-2\)

\(A=\left[\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2}{x_1x_2}\right]^2-2=\left(\dfrac{4\left(m-1\right)^2}{2m-6}-2\right)^2-2\)

\(A=\left(2m-\dfrac{8}{m-3}\right)^2-2\)

\(A\) nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{m-3}\) nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow m-3=Ư\left(8\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m=...\)

\(1.x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}-2m\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+1+2m=0\left(1\right)\)\(đặt:x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}=t\)

\(x>0\Rightarrow t\ge2\sqrt{x^2.\dfrac{1}{x^2}}=2\)

\(x< 0\Rightarrow-t=-x^2+\dfrac{1}{\left(-x^2\right)}\ge2\Rightarrow t\le-2\)

\(\Rightarrow t\in(-\infty;-2]\cup[2;+\infty)\left(2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t^2-2mt+2m-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)\left(t-2m+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\notin\left(2\right)\\t=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2m-1\le-2\\2m-1\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\\m\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(2.\)  \(f^2\left(\left|x\right|\right)+\left(m-2\right)f\left(\left|x\right|\right)+m-3=0\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}f\left(\left|x\right|\right)=-1\\f\left(\left|x\right|\right)=3-m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(dựa\) \(vào\) \(đồ\) \(thị\) \(f\left(\left|x\right|\right)\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(\left|x\right|\right)=-1\) \(có\) \(2nghiem\) \(pb\)

\(\left(1\right)có\) \(6\) \(ngo\) \(pb\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-1< 3-m< 3\\3-m\ne-1\\\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow0< m< 4\)

\(\Rightarrow m=\left\{1;2;3\right\}\)

a) \(M=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{6\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\left(x\ge0,x\ne1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-6\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{x-4\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

b) \(M=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)

Do \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{3\right\}\Rightarrow x=9\left(tm\right)\)

\(M=\dfrac{7\sqrt{a}-2}{2\sqrt{a}+1}\left(đk:a\ge0\right)=\dfrac{3\left(2\sqrt[]{a}+1\right)+\sqrt{a}-5}{2\sqrt{a}+1}=3+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-5}{2\sqrt{a}+1}\)

Để \(M\in Z,M>0\) thì \(\sqrt{a}-5\ge0\Leftrightarrow a\ge25\) và:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}-5⋮2\sqrt{a}+1\\2\sqrt{a}+1⋮2\sqrt{a}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{a}-10⋮2\sqrt{a}+1\\2\sqrt{a}+1⋮2\sqrt{a}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2\sqrt{a}+1\right)-\left(2\sqrt{a}-10\right)⋮2\sqrt{a}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow11⋮2\sqrt{a}+1\Rightarrow2\sqrt{a}+1\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{-11;-1;1;11\right\}\)

Do \(\sqrt{a}\ge0\forall a\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}\in\left\{0;5\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{0\left(loại\right);25\left(nhận\right)\right\}\)