Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?

:)

- Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) (gt)

=>\(ad< bc\) 

=>\(ad+ab< bc+ab\)

=>\(a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)

=>\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)

- Ta có: \(\dfrac{c}{d}>\dfrac{a}{b}\) (gt)

=>\(bc>ad\)

=>\(bc+cd>ad+cd\)

=>\(c\left(b+d\right)>d\left(a+c\right)\)

=>\(\dfrac{c}{d}>\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\) (2)

- Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ac< ba+bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ac< bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a< b\)(đúng)

a)Áp dụng

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=2\left(1\right)\)

Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+a+b}=1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2)=> đpcm

Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow a< b\Rightarrow ac< bc\Rightarrow ac+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}< \dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)a) ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< 2\)

b)

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b +c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\)

Theo đề bài ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\) ( 1 )

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(k=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)

\(k^2=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)  ( 2 )

Mà từ ( 1 ) = > \(k^2=\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) ( 3 )

Từ ( 2 ) , ( 3 ) 

 = > \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( đpcm )

Cày bài vt

Cày bài vt

\(a,\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\\ b,\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)