Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\)
Chứng minh a=b=c
Câu 1: Cho 2 số dương a,b,c. Chứng minh rằng:\( \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}<\sqrt\frac{a}{b+c}+\sqrt\frac{b}{c+a}+\sqrt\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\)
\(VT< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(VP=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b\left(c+a\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(VP\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow VP>VT\) (đpcm)
Cho a,b,c>0 chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b\:\:}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge\frac{a+b}{c+a}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}\)
1) Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh: \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
2) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\).
a) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
b) Chứng minh: \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
3) Cho \(a,b,c\in R\)Chứng minh: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\)
2) Theo nguyên lí Dirichlet, trong ba số \(a^2-1;b^2-1;c^2-1\) có ít nhất hai số nằm cùng phía với 1.
Giả sử đó là a2 - 1 và b2 - 1. Khi đó \(\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+3a^2+3b^2+9\ge4a^2+4b^2+8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\) (2)
Mà \(4\left[\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\right]\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (3)(Áp dụng Bunhicopxki và cái ngoặc vuông)
Từ (2) và (3) ta có đpcm.
Sai thì chịu
Xí quên bài 2 b:v
b) Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra \(a^2b^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{1}{16}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\frac{5}{4}a^2+\frac{5}{4}b^2+\frac{15}{16}\)
Hay \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{2}c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Cách nữa cho bài 2:
2a) Ta có: \(4\left(a^2+1+2\right)\left(1+1+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Hay \(4\left(a^2+3\right)\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2=VP\)
Như vậy ta quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2c^2+b^2+c^2+1\ge4bc\Leftrightarrow\left(bc-1\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
b) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:\(\left(a^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\ge\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\)
Từ đó ta có thể quy bài toán về chứng minh: \(\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
...
Bài 3:Sửa đề a, b, c >0
Có: \(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{a^3}{b^2}+b\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^6}{b^3}}=\frac{3a^2}{b}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{2b^3}{c^2}+c\ge\frac{3b^2}{c};\frac{2c^3}{a^2}+a\ge\frac{3c^2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên: \(2\left(\frac{a^3}{b^2}+\frac{b^3}{c^2}+\frac{c^3}{a^2}\right)+a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge2\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+a+b+c\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh \(\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}\ge4\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}\right)\)
Cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\)
1/ Biết \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\), chứng minh
a) \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
b) \(\left(\frac{a-d}{c-b}\right)^4=\frac{a^4+b^4}{c^4+d^4}\)
2/ Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Chứng minh \(\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a}{b}\)
3/ Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Chứng minh a=b=c
Mình chỉ làm bài 1a, và bài 3 thôi nhé,còn lại là bạn tự làm nhé
Bài 1:
a, Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^2=\left[\frac{c}{d}\right]^2=\left[\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right]^2\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}\)
Bài 3 : Sửa đề : Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\)
CM : a = b = c
Cách 1 : Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+a}=1\)
vì \(a+b+c\ne0\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=1\Rightarrow a=b;\frac{b}{c}=1\Rightarrow b=c\)
Do đó : \(a=b=c\).
Cách 2 : Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=m\), ta có : \(a=bm,b=cm,c=am\)
Do đó : \(a=bm=m(mc)=m\left[m(ma)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m^3a\Rightarrow m^3=1(a\ne0)\Rightarrow m=1\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Cách 3 : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}=\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^3\Rightarrow1=\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^3\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=1\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Cho a,b,c > 0.Chứng minh rằng
a,\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)+\(\frac{1}{c}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{a+b}\)+\(\frac{2}{b+c}\)+\(\frac{2}{c+a}\)
b,\(\frac{4}{a}\)+\(\frac{5}{b}\)+\(\frac{3}{c}\)\(\ge\)\(4\left(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau với các số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế (1); (2) và (3):
\(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Cho a,b,c > 0.Chứng minh rằng
a,\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)+\(\frac{1}{c}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{a+b}\)+\(\frac{2}{b+c}\)+\(\frac{2}{c+a}\)
b,\(\frac{4}{a}\)+\(\frac{5}{b}\)+\(\frac{3}{c}\)\(\ge\)\(4\left(\frac{3}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
a) cho tỉ lệ thức \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh:
i) \(\frac{a}{a+b}\frac{c}{c+d}\)
ii)\(\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}.\)
b) Cho: \(\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\). Chứng minh: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)
a)
i) Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}=\frac{d}{c}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}+1=\frac{d}{c}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{a}=\frac{d}{c}+\frac{c}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+a}{a}=\frac{d+c}{c}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}\left(đpcm\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
a) cho tỉ lệ thức \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh:
i) \(\frac{a}{a+b}\frac{c}{c+d}\)
ii)\(\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}.\)
b) Cho: \(\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\). Chứng minh: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)
Lời giải:
a)
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt, c=dt$
i. Khi đó:
$\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bt}{bt+b}=\frac{bt}{b(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(1)$
$\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dt}{dt+d}=\frac{dt}{d(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
ii.
$\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{bt-b}{dt-d}=\frac{b(t-1)}{d(t-1)}=\frac{b}{d}(3)$
$\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bt+b}{dt+d}=\frac{b(t+1)}{d(t+1)}=\frac{b}{d}(4)$
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
b)
Từ $\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\Rightarrow (2a+b)(c-2d)=(a-2b)(2c+d)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2ac-4ad+bc-2bd=2ac+ad-4bc-2bd$
$\Leftrightarrow 5bc=5ad\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.
Lời giải:
a)
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt, c=dt$
i. Khi đó:
$\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bt}{bt+b}=\frac{bt}{b(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(1)$
$\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dt}{dt+d}=\frac{dt}{d(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
ii.
$\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{bt-b}{dt-d}=\frac{b(t-1)}{d(t-1)}=\frac{b}{d}(3)$
$\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bt+b}{dt+d}=\frac{b(t+1)}{d(t+1)}=\frac{b}{d}(4)$
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}$ (đpcm)
b)
Từ $\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\Rightarrow (2a+b)(c-2d)=(a-2b)(2c+d)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2ac-4ad+bc-2bd=2ac+ad-4bc-2bd$
$\Leftrightarrow 5bc=5ad\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.