Question

a) cho tỉ lệ thức \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh:

i) \(\frac{a}{a+b}\frac{c}{c+d}\)

ii)\(\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}.\)

b) Cho: \(\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\). Chứng minh: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)

Answer 1

Lời giải:

a)

Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt, c=dt$

i. Khi đó:

$\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bt}{bt+b}=\frac{bt}{b(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(1)$

$\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dt}{dt+d}=\frac{dt}{d(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(2)$

Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}$ (đpcm)

ii.

$\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{bt-b}{dt-d}=\frac{b(t-1)}{d(t-1)}=\frac{b}{d}(3)$

$\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bt+b}{dt+d}=\frac{b(t+1)}{d(t+1)}=\frac{b}{d}(4)$

Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}$ (đpcm)

b)

Từ $\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\Rightarrow (2a+b)(c-2d)=(a-2b)(2c+d)$

$\Leftrightarrow 2ac-4ad+bc-2bd=2ac+ad-4bc-2bd$

$\Leftrightarrow 5bc=5ad\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$

Ta có đpcm.

Answer 2

Lời giải:

a)

Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt, c=dt$

i. Khi đó:

$\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{bt}{bt+b}=\frac{bt}{b(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(1)$

$\frac{c}{c+d}=\frac{dt}{dt+d}=\frac{dt}{d(t+1)}=\frac{t}{t+1}(2)$

Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{c+d}$ (đpcm)

ii.

$\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{bt-b}{dt-d}=\frac{b(t-1)}{d(t-1)}=\frac{b}{d}(3)$

$\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{bt+b}{dt+d}=\frac{b(t+1)}{d(t+1)}=\frac{b}{d}(4)$

Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}$ (đpcm)

b)

Từ $\frac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\frac{2c+d}{c-2d}\Rightarrow (2a+b)(c-2d)=(a-2b)(2c+d)$

$\Leftrightarrow 2ac-4ad+bc-2bd=2ac+ad-4bc-2bd$

$\Leftrightarrow 5bc=5ad\Leftrightarrow bc=ad\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}$

Ta có đpcm.