c.

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+12^0\right)+cos\left(90^0-78^0+x\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cos\left(x+12^0\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+12^0\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+12^0=60^0+k360^0\\x+12^0=-60^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=48^0+k360^0\\x=-72^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)

2.

Do \(-1\le sin\left(3x-27^0\right)\le1\) nên pt có nghiệm khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2m^2+m\ge-1\\2m^2+m\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2m^2+m+1\ge0\left(luôn-đúng\right)\\2m^2+m-1\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow-1\le m\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

a.

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+15^0=arccos\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+k360^0\\x+15^0=-arccos\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-15^0+arccos\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+k360^0\\x=-15^0-arccos\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(2x-10^0=arccot\left(4\right)+k180^0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5^0+\dfrac{1}{2}arccot\left(4\right)+k90^0\)

2.

Phương trình \(sin\left(3x-27^o\right)=2m^2+m\) có nghiệm khi:

\(2m^2+m\in\left[-1;1\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2m^2+m\le1\\2m^2+m\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m+1\right)\left(2m-1\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le m\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đồ thị hàm số \(y=f\left(\left|x\right|\right)\)

\(f^2\left(\left|x\right|\right)+\left(m-1\right)f\left(\left|x\right|\right)-m=0\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}f\left(\left|x\right|\right)=1\left(2\right)\\f\left(\left|x\right|\right)=-m\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ đồ thị ta thấy phương trình \(\left(2\right)\) có hai nghiệm phân biệt nên phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) có hai nghiệm phân biệt khi phương trình \(\left(3\right)\) có hai nghiệm phân biệt khác hai nghiệm của phương trình \(\left(2\right)\).

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-m=-3\\-1< -m< 1\\-m>1\end{matrix}\right.\)

...

B

a, \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-2cos^2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-2\cdot\left[1+cos2\cdot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x+1-1-cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{s}{2}\cdot sinx-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot sin^2x-sinx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\cdot\left(sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\text{ (1) }\\sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\text{ (2) }\end{matrix}\right.\)

(1) : \(sinx=0\Leftrightarrow x=k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)

(2) : \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}-sinx\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-cos\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot cos\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot\left(1-sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}\right)-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}-2sin\dfrac{x}{2}+2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}-sin\dfrac{x}{2}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pi+k4\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)

b, \(tanx-3cotx=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}-\dfrac{3cos}{sinx}=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sin^2x-3cos^2x}{sinx-cosx}=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2x-3cos^2x=4\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot sinx\cdot cosx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)=4\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot sinx\cdot cosx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)\cdot\left[\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx\right)-4sinx\cdot cosx\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx=0\text{ (1) }\\sinx-\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx-4sinx\cdot cosx=0\text{ (2) }\end{matrix}\right.\)

(1) : \(sinx+\sqrt{3}\cdot cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot sinx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\cdot\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=k\pi\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-\pi}{3}+k\pi\left(k\in Z\right)\)

(2) : \(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx-4sinx\cdot cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-\sqrt{3}cos=2sin2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2=sin2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}-sinx-sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx=sin2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\cdot\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=2x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-2x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{4\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\left(k\in Z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(cos^2x-sin^2x\right)+sinx.cosx\left(sinx+cosx\right)=m\left(sinx+cosx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-2sinx\right)\left(sinx+cosx\right)+sinx.cosx\left(sinx+cosx\right)=m\left(sinx+cosx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+cosx=0\left(\text{vô nghiệm trên đoạn xét}\right)\\2cosx-2sinx+sinx.cosx=m\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Xét (1), đặt \(t=cosx-sinx=\sqrt{2}cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\in\left[-1;1\right]\\sinx.cosx=\dfrac{1-t^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2t+\dfrac{1-t^2}{2}=m\)

Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=-\dfrac{1}{2}t^2+2t+\dfrac{1}{2}\) trên \(\left[-1;1\right]\)

\(-\dfrac{b}{2a}=2\notin\left[-1;1\right]\) ; \(f\left(-1\right)=-2\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow-2\le f\left(t\right)\le2\Rightarrow-2\le m\le2\)

1.

Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta=25-12m>0\\x_1^2+x_2^2< 17\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< \dfrac{25}{12}\\\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2< 17\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< \dfrac{25}{12}\\\left(2m-3\right)^2-2\left(m^2-4\right)< 17\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< \dfrac{25}{12}\\2m^2-12m< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0< m< \dfrac{25}{12}\)

3.

Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta'=11-m>0\\x_1+x_2>0\\x_1x_2>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< 11\\6>0\\m-2>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2< m< 11\)

a, Phương trình có hai nghiệm trái dấu khi \(2\left(2m^2-3m-5\right)< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2m-5\right)\left(m+1\right)< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1< m< \dfrac{5}{2}\)

b, TH1: \(m^2-3m+2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=1\\m=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất

TH2: \(m^2-3m+2\ne0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ne1\\m\ne2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình có hai nghiệm trái dấu khi \(-5\left(m^2-3m+2\right)< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2-3m+2>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m>2\\m< 1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(m>2\) hoặc \(m< 1\)

c, Phương trình đã cho có hai nghiệm trái dấu \(x_1,x_2\) khi \(m^2-2m< 0\Leftrightarrow0< m< 2\)

Theo định lí Viet: \(x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\)

Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi \(x_1+x_2< 0\Leftrightarrow2\left(m-1\right)< 0\Leftrightarrow m< 1\)

Vậy \(0< m< 1\)