a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

______0,3--------------->0,15

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3\left(PTHH\right)}=0,15.102=15,3\left(g\right)\)

=> m_{Al2O3 (thực tế)}  = \(\dfrac{15,3.100}{90}=17\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: Al + O₂ -> 2Al₂O₃

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{8,1.90\%}{100\%}=7,29\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)

0,2                           0,1          ( mol )

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2g\)

nAl = 5,4 : 27 = 0,2 (mol) 
pthh : 4Al+ 3O2 -t--> 2Al2O3 
         0,2 --------------> 0,1 (mol) 
=> mAl2O3 = 0,1. 102 = 10,2 (g)

a) 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

Tỉ lệ Al : O₂ = 4:3

b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)=>m_{O_2}=0,15.32=4,8\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:

\(m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\)

=> \(m_{Al}=10,2-4,8=5,4\left(g\right)\)

c) \(a=\dfrac{5,4.100}{90}=6\left(g\right)\)

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

___________0,15<------0,1

=> m_O2 = 0,15.32 = 4,8(g)

Bảo toàn KL: \(m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=10,2-9=1,2(g)\)

Gọi \(n_X=a\left(mol\right)\)

\(4X+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2X_2O_n\)

  a                   \(\dfrac{a}{2}\)

Theo phương trình:

\(a=\dfrac{2\cdot22,95}{2X+16n}=\dfrac{12,15}{X}\)

\(\Rightarrow X=9n\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy X là kim loại Al

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{3,24}{27}=0,12mol\)

a)\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) \(\Rightarrow\) phản ứng hóa hợp.

b)0,12    0,09    0,06

   \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,06\cdot102=6,12g\)

c)\(V_{O_2}=0,09\cdot22,4=2,016l\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{to}2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,25}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow O_2dư\\ n_{O_2\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{4}{2}.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{Al\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ b.\%m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\%V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\%n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25-0,15}{0,15}.100\approx66,667\%\)