I. Combine two sentences, using ''because/ since/ as''.

1. The water is highly polluted. We cannot swim in this part of the river. ->..........because ( since / as ) .the water is highly polluted, we cannot swim in this part of the river......

2. The company does not produce recycled paper. It is more expensive to produce than regular paper. ->..............The company does not produce recycled paper because it is more expensive to produce than regular paper. .........

3. We want people to be aware of the problem of pollution. We have'' a green week'' three times a year. ->.......because we want people to be aware of the problem of pollution, We have'' a green week'' three times a year. ..................

4 The area around the beach is full of trash. No one wants to go swimming or sunbathing there. ->...........since the area around the beach is full of trash, No one wants to go swimming or sunbathing there. ....................

5. It started to rain. We could not keep on cleaning the beach. ->........as it started to rain, we could not keep on cleaning the beach. -..........................

6.Mr. Minh is admired. He dedicated all his life protecting environment. ->........................Mr. Minh is admired because He dedicated all his life protecting environment...........

II. Rewrite each sentences so that the meaning stays the same:

1. Shall I phone you this evening? -> Do you want.............me to phone you this evening ?..........................

2. I can do what I want and you can't stop me. -> You can't..........prevent me from doing what i want...................

3 I would like you to help me to put the chairs away. -> Do you mind.........helping me put the chairs away ?...................

4. It's not a good idea to travel during the rush hour. -> It's better to avoid.................travelling during rush hour.....................

5. I'd refer not to go out tonight. -> I'd rather.........not go out tonight..............................

Combine the sentences using to infinitive clause.

1. He always arrives at the office early. He is always the first one there

→ He always arrives at the office early, being always the first one there.

2. No one wants to do the cleaning. Only Jane does it.

→ No one wants to do the cleaning, except for Jane

1 He always arrives at the office early to be the first one there

2 No one wants to do the cleaning except for Jane

1. because -> because of

2. a good health -> good health

I: Make a suggestion for the following cases:

1. People throw plastic bags everywhere

=> I suggest people shouldn't throw plastic bags everywhere.

2. She always turns on the lights when going to bed

=> I suggest she should turn off the light when going to bed.

3. There are many cracks in your pipe

=> I suggest you should check your pipe.

4. They use many ordinary 100 watt light bulb

=> I suggest they shouldn't use many ordinary 100 watt light bulb.

5. Tim has a bad toothache

=> I suggest Tim should go to the dentist.

6. People waste losts of gas and oil on cooking

=> I suggest people shouldn't waste lots of gas and oil on cooking.

7. She failed her final exam

=> I suggest she should study harder.

8. The area around the beach is full of trash

=> I suggest the area around the beach should be cleaned.

9. people use their own cars to go to work and make the traffic heavier

=> I suggest people should use public transports to go to work.

10. Today, more people catch fish by using dynamite

=> I suggest people shouldn't catch fish by using dynamite.

11. The students in this school throw plastic bags everywhere in the yard

=> I suggest the students in this school shouldn't throw plastic bags everywhere in the yard.

12. The goverment hasn't done anything to the pollution here

=> I suggest the goverment should have done something to the pollution here.

...you don’t stop swimming in that lake, you will have skin rashes

The residents of the street cannot sleep because of the loud noise from the music club

The tsunami made many people in this area become homeless

Many plants and trees died since the acid rain happened last month

Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are contaminated

Because Linh lives in the area affected by air pollution, she has breathing problem

The typhon came after they had repaired their house

2. Stop swimming in that lake, or you will have skin rashes. (If)

____If you don't stop swimming in that lake, you will have skin rashes.___

3. The noise from the music club is loud. The residents of the street cannot sleep. (because of) à___Because of the loud noise from the music club,the residents of the street cannot sleep.__________________________________________________________________________

4. The Tsunami happened. Many people in this area became homeless. (made)

The Tsunami happened, which made many people in this area become homeless

5. The acid rain happened last month. Many plants and trees died. (Since)

Since the acid rain happened last month, many plants and trees have died

6. Many rivers and lakes are contaminated. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)

Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are contaminated.

8. They repaired their house, then the typhoon came. (After)

After they had repaired their house, the typhoon came

1. Now that the weather is warm , we can go swimming everyday.

2. Since all of the students had gone poorly on the test, the teacher decided to give it again.

3. Cold air hovers near the Earth because it is heavier than hot air.

Combine the sentences, using the word or phrase in parentheses. Add commas where necessary.

1, we can go swimming everyday. The weather is warm (now that)

=>NOW THAT THE WEATHER IS WARM,WE CAN GO SWIMMING EVERY DAY

2, all of the students had gone poorly on the test. The teacher decided to give it again ( since )

=>The teacher has decided to give all of the students again since they went poorly on the test

3, cold air hovers near the earth. It is heavier than hot air. ( because )

=> cold air hovers near the earth because It is heavier than hot air

I. Error identification & correct (xác định và sửa lỗi sai)
Example: It’s difficult getting there on time in rush hour.
getting → to get
1. He does his homework at the moment. -> is doing
2. He is learning cooking at the moment. -> to cook
3. What do you usually do at your free time? -> in
4. You should practise speak English before you go to England. -> speaking
5. She is very good of writing essays. -> at
6. I am really not interested of going to high school. -> in
7. He thanks her about inviting him to the party. -> for
8. They don’t go to the swimming pool because the rain. -> because of
9. They don’t go to the swimming pool because the rain. -> because of
10. Would you like going to a pop concert this weekend. -> to go
II. Complete the sentences with​​ although/ in spite of/ because/ because of.
1.​​ because​​ ​​the meeting's at 2.00, I won't be able to see you.
2.​​ although I told the absolute truth, no one would believe me.
3. The goods were never delivered in spite of the promise we had received.
4. My mother is always complaining because of the untidiness of my room.
5. I didn't get the job although I had all the necessary qualifications.
6. It's unsafe to travel in that country​​ because of the ongoing civil war.
7. The villagers refused to leave in spite of the drought.
8.​​ because​​ everything looked different, I had no idea where to go.
9. because of his age, John was not hired although he had the necessary
qualifications.
10. You can't enter this secure area​​ because​​ you don't have an official permit.