1.

\(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{x-1+1}{1-x}=\dfrac{2^2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{1-x}-1\ge\dfrac{\left(2+1\right)^2}{x+1-x}-1=8\)

\(f\left(x\right)_{min}=8\) khi \(x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

2.

\(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{1-x}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+1-x}=4\)

\(f\left(x\right)_{min}=4\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

x=23x=23

2.

x=12

\(y=x+\dfrac{1}{x}-5\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x}}-5=-3\)

\(y_{min}=-3\) khi \(x=1\)

\(y=4x^2+\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{1}{2x}-4\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{4x^2}{2x.2x}}-4=-1\)

\(y_{min}=-1\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(y=x+\dfrac{4}{x}\Rightarrow y'=1-\dfrac{4}{x^2}=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)

\(y\left(-2\right)=-4\Rightarrow\max\limits_{x>0}y=-4\) khi \(x=-2\)

Ta có: x \(\le\) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{x}\ge4\)

Lại có: B = \(\dfrac{x+1}{x}=1+\dfrac{1}{x}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{x}\) \(\ge\) 1 + 4 = 5

hay B \(\ge\) 5

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Chúc bn học tốt!

1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

$(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy})(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1+2)^2=16$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\geq \frac{16}{(x+y)^2}=16$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{xy}\geq 8$

Cộng 2 BĐT trên lại:

$P\geq 16+8=24$

Vậy $P_{\min}=24$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

$(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy})(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1+2)^2=16$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\geq \frac{16}{(x+y)^2}=16$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{xy}\geq 8$

Cộng 2 BĐT trên lại:

$P\geq 16+8=24$

Vậy $P_{\min}=24$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$

*cách này đơn giản hơn

Vì x,y>0. theo AM-GM:

\(\dfrac{1}{x^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{y^2}\) ≥\(\dfrac{2}{xy}\) => P≥\(\dfrac{6}{xy}\)

ta có: \(x^2\)+\(y^2\)≥ 2xy <=> (x+y)\(^2\)≥4xy <=> xy≤\(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

<=> \(\dfrac{6}{xy}\)≥\(\)24 hay P≥24

dấu = xảy ra khi: x=y=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)

\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\dfrac{6\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-3-6\sqrt{x}+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

b.

\(P=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=-1+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x}\ge0\\\sqrt{x}+1>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge-1\)

\(P_{min}=-1\) khi \(x=0\)

a) Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{6\sqrt{x}-4}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-3-6\sqrt{x}+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Ta có \(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^4}{8}\). Áp dụng cho biểu thức A, suy ra \(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Ta tìm GTNN của \(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+2\). Ta có 

\(P=x^2+\dfrac{1}{16x^2}+y^2+\dfrac{1}{16y^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+2\)

\(P\ge2\sqrt{x^2.\dfrac{1}{16x^2}}+2\sqrt{y^2.\dfrac{1}{16y^2}}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\right)+2\)

    \(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{15}{16}.\left(\dfrac{4^2}{2}\right)+2\) \(=\dfrac{21}{2}\). Do đó \(P\ge\dfrac{21}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\). Vậy GTNN của A là \(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{17}{2}+2\right)^4}{8}\), ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Gợi ý: \(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^4\)