\(\sqrt{4x+2\sqrt{x}+1}\le\sqrt{4x+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2^2+x\right)+1}=\sqrt{\dfrac{9x}{2}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{21}}.\sqrt{21}.\sqrt{\dfrac{9x}{2}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{21}}\left(21+\dfrac{9x}{2}+3\right)=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{21}}\left(\dfrac{9x}{2}+24\right)\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{21}}\left(\dfrac{9}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)+72\right)=3\sqrt{21}\)

\(A_{max}=3\sqrt{21}\) khi \(x=y=z=4\)

\(A=1\sqrt{4x+2\sqrt{x}+1}+1.\sqrt{4y+2\sqrt{y}+1}+1\sqrt{4z+2\sqrt{z}+1}\)

\(\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(4\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+3\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{3.\left[51+\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)}{2}\right]}\)

\(\le\sqrt{3.\left[51+\dfrac{x+y+z+12}{2}\right]}\)

\(=\sqrt{189}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 4

Lời giải:

Đặt $xy=t$

Áp dụng BĐT AM_GM:

$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=3$. Như vậy $0\leq t\leq 3$

Ta có:

$P=(x^4+1)(y^4+1)=x^4y^4+x^4+y^4+1$

$=x^4y^4+(x^2+y^2)^2-2x^2y^2+1$

$=x^4y^4+[(x+y)^2-2xy]^2-2x^2y^2+1$

$=x^4y^4+2x^2y^2-48xy+145$

$=t^4+2t^2-48t+145$

$=t(t^3+2t-48)+145$

Vì $0\leq t\leq 3$ nên $t(t^3+2t-48)\leq 0$

$\Rightarrow P\leq 145$

Vậy $P_{\max}=145$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(x,y)=(0,2\sqrt{3})$ và hoán vị.

\(x+y+4=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-4-x\\x+y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=\left(-4\right)^3-3xy.\left(-4\right)=12xy-64\)

\(\Rightarrow P=2\left(12xy-64\right)+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+10x\)

\(=24xy+3x^2+3y^2+10x-128\)

\(=24x\left(-4-x\right)+3x^2+3\left(-4-x\right)^2+10x-128\)

\(=-18x^2-62x-80=-18\left(x+\dfrac{31}{18}\right)^2-\dfrac{479}{18}\le-\dfrac{479}{18}\)

\(P_{max}=-\dfrac{479}{18}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{31}{18};-\dfrac{41}{18}\right)\)

\(P=\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\sqrt{y\left(x+y+z\right)+xz}+\sqrt{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}\)

\(P=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+x+z\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+y+z\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+z+y+z\right)\)

\(P\le2\left(x+y+z\right)=2\)

\(P_{max}=2\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)