\(\%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=34,6\%\)

\(\%_O=\dfrac{16.3}{78}.100\%=61,5\%\)

\(\%_H=100\%-34,6\%-61,5\%=3,9\%\)

\(M_{MgSO_4}=24+32+16.4=120\\ \%Mg=\dfrac{24}{120}.100=20\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{120}.100=26,67\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.4}{120}.100=53,33\%\\ M_{Al\left(NO_3\right)_3}=27+62.3=213\\ \%Al=\dfrac{27}{213}.100=12,68\%\\ \%N=\dfrac{14.3}{213}.100=19,72\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.9}{213}.100=67,6\%\)

\(MgSO_4=120\)

\(\%Mg=\dfrac{24}{120}.100\%=20\%\)

\(\%S=\dfrac{32}{120}.100\%\text{≈}26,67\%\)

\(\%O=100-\left(20+26,67\right)\text{≈}53,33\%\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{24.1}{120}.100\%=20\%\\\%S=\dfrac{32.1}{120}.100\%=26,667\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.4}{120}.100\%=53,333\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{27.1}{213}.100\%=12,676\%\\\%N=\dfrac{14.3}{213}.100\%=19,718\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.9}{213}.100\%=67,606\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a.\%Mg=\dfrac{24\times100\%}{120}\)\(=20\%\)

\(\%S=\dfrac{32\times100\%}{120}\)\(=26,66\%\)\(\%\)

\(\%O=100\%-\left(20\%+26,66\%\right)\)\(=53,34\%\)

\(b.\%Al=\dfrac{27}{213}\)\(=12,67\%\)

\(\%N=\dfrac{42}{213}\)\(=19,71\%\)

\(\%O=100\%-12,67\%-19,71\%=67,62\%\)

\(n_{NO_3} = n_N = \dfrac{52,39.14,43\%}{14} = 0,54(mol)\\ m_A = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{NO_3}\\ \Rightarrow m_{kim\ loại} = m_A - m_{NO_3} = 52,39 - 0,54.62 = 18,91(gam)\)

Bài 1:

\(1,M_{MgCO_3}=84(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{84}.100\%=28,57\%\\ \%_{C}=\dfrac{12}{84}.100\%=14,29\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\)

\(2,M_{Al(OH)_3}=78(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=31,62\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{3}{78}.100\%=3,85\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-31,62\%-3,85\%=64,53\% \end{cases}\)

\(3,M_{(NH_4)_2HPO_4}=132(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{N}=\dfrac{28}{132}.100\%=21,21\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{9}{132}.100\%=6,82\%\\ \%_{P}=\dfrac{31}{132}.100\%=23,48\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-23,48\%-6,82\%-21,21\%48,49\% \end{cases}\)

\(4,M_{C_2H_5COOCH_3}=88(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{C}=\dfrac{48}{88}.100\%=54,55\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{8}{88}.100\%=9,09\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-9,09\%-54,55\%=36,36\% \end{cases}\)

Bài 2:

\(c,\%_{Al(AlCl_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+35,5.3}.100\%=20,22\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2O_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Al(AlBr_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+80.3}.100\%=10,11\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2S_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+32.3}.100\%=36\%\)

Vậy \(Al_2O_3\) có \(\%Al\) cao nhất và \(AlBr_3\) có \(\%Al\) nhỏ nhất

Bài 2:

\(a,\%_{Fe(FeO)}=\dfrac{56}{56+16}.100\%=77,78\%\\ \%_{Fe(Fe_2O_3)}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=70\%\\ \%_{Fe(FeS)}=\dfrac{56}{56+32}.100\%=63,64\%\\ \%_{Fe(FeS_2)}=\dfrac{56}{56+32.2}=46,67\%\)

Vậy \(FeO\) có \(\%Fe\) lớn nhất và \(FeS_2\) có \(\%Fe\) thấp nhất

\(b,\%_{O(NO_2)}=\dfrac{16}{16.2+14}.100\%=69,57\%\\ \%_{O(NO)}=\dfrac{16}{16+14}.100\%=53,33\%\\ \%_{O(N_2O)}=\dfrac{16}{14.2+16}.100\%=36,36\%\\ \%_{O(N_2O_3)}=\dfrac{16.3}{14.2+16.3}.100\%=63,16\%\)

Vậy \(NO_2\) có \(\%O\) lớn nhất và \(N_2O\) có \(\%O\) nhỏ nhất

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{342}.100\%=15,79\%\\\%S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28,07\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.12}{342}.100\%=56,14\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.3}{232}.100\%=72,414\%\\\%O=\dfrac{4.16}{232}.100\%=27,586\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(NaNO_3\\ \%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx27,059\%\\ \%m_N=\dfrac{14}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx16,471\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx56,471\%\)

Em tương tự làm cho các chất còn lại!