a/ \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+3x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+5x+6}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+7x+12}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}-\dfrac{1}{x+4}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+4}\)

Vậy..

b/ \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+3x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+5x+6}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+7x+12}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+9x+20}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}-\dfrac{1}{x+4}+\dfrac{1}{x+4}-\dfrac{1}{x+5}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x+5}\)

Vậy..

`@` `\text {Ans}`

`\downarrow`

`a)`

\(-5(x^2 - 3x +1 ) + x ( 1+5x ) =x-2 \)

`=> -5x^2 + 15x - 5 + x + 5x^2 = x - 2`

`=> (-5x^2 + 5x^2) + (15x + x) - 5 = x - 2`

`=> 16x - 5 = x - 2`

`=> 16x - 5 - x + 2 = 0`

`=> (16x - x) + (-5+2) = 0`

`=> 15x - 3 = 0`

`=> 15x = 3`

`=> x = 3 \div 15`

`=> x =`\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy, `x =`\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)

`b)`

\(-4x (x-5) +7x (x-4) -3x^2 =12\)

`=> -4x^2 + 20x + 7x^2 - 28x - 3x^2 = 12`

`=> (-4x^2 - 3x^2 + 7x^2) + (20x - 28x) = 12`

`=> -8x = 12`

`=> x = 12 \div (-8)`

`=> x = `\(-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Vậy, `x =`\(-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

`@` `\text {Kaizuu lv uu}`

Lời giải:
a. 

PT $\Leftrightarrow -5x^2+15x-5+x+5x^2=x-2$
$\Leftrightarrow 16x-5=x-2$

$\Leftrightarrow 15x=3$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{15}=\frac{1}{5}$

b.

PT $\Leftrightarrow -4x^2+20x+7x^2-28x-3x^2=12$

$\Leftrightarrow -8x=12$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3}{2}$

1) x² -7x + 10 = x² - 2x - 5x + 10 = x(x - 2) - 5(x - 2) = (x - 5)(x - 2)

2) x² + 3x + 2 = x² + 2x + x  + 2 = x(x + 2) + (x + 2) = (x + 1)(x + 2)

3) x² - 7x + 12 = x² - 3x - 4x + 12 = x(x - 3) - 4(x - 3) = (x - 3)(x - 4)

4) x² + 7x + 12 = x² + 3x + 4x + 12 = x(x + 3) + 4(x + 3) = (x + 3)(x + 4)

5) 16x - 5x² - 3 = 15x - 5x² + x - 3 = -5x(x - 3) + (x - 3) = (x - 3)(1 - 5x) 

6) 6x² + 7x - 3 = 6x² - 2x + 9x - 3 = 2x(3x - 1) + 3(3x - 1) = (2x + 3)(3x - 1)  

7) 3x² - 3x - 6 = 3x² - 6x + 3x - 6 = 3x(x - 2) + 3(x - 2) = (x - 2)(3x + 3) = 3(x - 2)(x + 1)

8) 3x² + 3x - 6 = 3x² - 3x + 6x - 6 = 3x(x - 1) + 6(x - 1) = (x - 1)(3x + 6) = 3(x - 1)(x + 2)

9) 6x² - 13x + 6 = 6x² - 9x -  4x + 6 = 3x(2x - 3) - 2(2x - 3) = (3x - 2)(2x - 3) 

10) 6x² + 15x  + 6 = 6x² + 12x + 3x + 6 = 6x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = (x + 2)(6x + 3) = 3(x + 2)(3x + 1)

11) 6x² - 20x + 6 = 6x² - 18x - 2x + 6 = 6x(x -3) - 2(x - 3) = (6x - 2)(x - 3) = 2(3x - 1)(x - 3)

12) 8x² + 5x - 3 = 8x² + 8x - 3x - 3 = 8x(x + 1) - 3(x + 1) = (x + 1)(8x - 3)

a) \(\dfrac{2x+5}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2x+1+4}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2x+1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{4}{2x+1}=1+\dfrac{4}{2x+1}\)  

Để \(\dfrac{2x+5}{2x+1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{4}{2x+1}\in Z\) 

\(\Rightarrow4\) ⋮ \(2x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow2x+1\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3;3;-5\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;-1;\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{3}{2};-\dfrac{5}{2}\right\}\)

Mà x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\text{x}\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\) 

b) \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x+1}=\dfrac{3x+3+2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)+2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{x+1}=3+\dfrac{2}{x+1}\) 

Để \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x+1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{2}{x+1}\in Z\) 

\(\Rightarrow2\) ⋮ \(x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3\right\}\) 

c) \(\dfrac{3x+8}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x-3+11}{x-1}=\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)+11}{x-1}=\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}+\dfrac{11}{x-1}=3+\dfrac{11}{x-1}\)  

Để: \(\dfrac{3x+8}{x-1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{11}{x-1}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow11\) ⋮ \(x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{2;0;12;-10\right\}\)

d) \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x-2}=\dfrac{5x-10+22}{x-2}=\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)+22}{x-2}=\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}+\dfrac{22}{x-2}=5+\dfrac{22}{x-2}\)

Để: \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x-2}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{22}{x-2}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow22\) ⋮ \(x-2\)

\(\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(22\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;11;-11;22;-22\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;13;-9;24;-20\right\}\)

e) \(\dfrac{7x-12}{x+16}=\dfrac{7x+112-124}{x+16}=\dfrac{7\left(x+16\right)-124}{x+16}=\dfrac{7\left(x+16\right)}{x+16}-\dfrac{124}{x+16}=7-\dfrac{124}{x+16}\)

Để \(\dfrac{7x-12}{x+16}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{124}{x+16}\in Z\) 

\(\Rightarrow124\) ⋮ \(x+16\)

\(\Rightarrow x+16\inƯ\left(124\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;31;-31;62;-62;124;-124\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-15;-17;-14;-18;-12;-20;15;-47;46;-78;108;-140\right\}\)

\(7x-4=3x+12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x-3x=12+4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)

=>\(\dfrac{-1}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{x-3}-\dfrac{1}{x-3}+\dfrac{1}{x-4}=2\)

=>\(\dfrac{1}{x-4}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}=2\)

=>\(\dfrac{x-1-x+4}{x^2-5x+4}=2\)

=>2x^2-10x+8=3

=>2x^2-10x+5=0

=>\(x=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{15}}{2}\)