a. \(R=R1+\left(\dfrac{R2.R3}{R2+R3}\right)=2+\left(\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}\right)=4\left(\Omega\right)\)

b. \(I=I1=I23=\dfrac{U}{R}=\dfrac{12}{4}=3A\left(R1ntR23\right)\)

\(U23=U2=U3=I13.R23=3\left(\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}\right)=6\left(V\right)\)(R2//R3)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I2=U2:R2=6:6=1A\\I3=U3:R3=6:3=2A\end{matrix}\right.\)

c. \(U_d=U_{23}=6V\Rightarrow\) đèn sáng bình thường.

MCD: R1 nt(R2//R3)

a, ĐIện trở tương đương của đoạn mạch

\(R_{23}=\dfrac{R_2R_3}{R_2+R_3}=\dfrac{30\cdot20}{30+20}=12\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_{23}=18+12=30\left(\Omega\right)\)

b,Cường độ dòng điện qua mỗi điện trở

\(I_1=I_{23}=I=\dfrac{U}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{60}{30}=2\left(A\right)\)

\(U_2=U_3=U_{23}=I_{23}\cdot R_{23}=2\cdot12=24\left(V\right)\)

\(I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{24}{30}=0,8\left(A\right)\)

\(I_3=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=\dfrac{24}{20}=1,2\left(A\right)\)

a,\(R1nt\left(R2//R3\right)=>Rtd=R1+\dfrac{R2R3}{R2+R3}=4+\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}=6\left(om\right)\)

b,\(=>I1=I23=\dfrac{Uab}{Rtd}=\dfrac{9}{6}=1,5A\)

\(=>U23=I23.R23=1,5.\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}=3V=U2=U3\)

\(=>I2=\dfrac{U2}{R2}=\dfrac{3}{6}=0,5A,=>I3=\dfrac{U3}{R3}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1A\)

c,\(=>Im=Ix=I23=\dfrac{1}{3}.1,5=0,5A\)

\(=>RTd=Rx+\dfrac{R2.R3}{R2+R3}=Rx+\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}=\dfrac{U}{Im}=\dfrac{9}{0,5}=18\)

\(=>Rx=16\left(om\right)\)

Tóm tắt:

\(R_1=2\Omega\\ R_2=6\Omega\\ R_3=4\Omega\\ R_4=10\Omega\\ U_{AB}=28V\\ a,R_{tđ}=?\\ b,I_1?\\ I_2=?\\ I_3=?\\ I_4=?\\ c,U_1=?\\ U_2=?\)

Giải:

Cấu tạo: R₁nt[R₄//(R₂ntR₃)]

\(R_{23}=R_2+R_3=6+4=10\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{234}=\dfrac{R_4\cdot R_{23}}{R_4+R_{23}}=5\Omega\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_{234}=7\Omega\)

b,\(I_1=I=\dfrac{U_{AB}}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{28}{7}=4\left(A\right)\)

\(I_{234}=I_1=4\left(A\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow U_{23}=U_4=U_{234}=I_{234}\cdot R_{234}=4\cdot5=20\left(V\right)\)

\(I_4=\dfrac{U_4}{R_4}=\dfrac{20}{10}=2\left(A\right)\)

\(I_2=I_3=I_{23}=\dfrac{U_{23}}{R_{23}}=\dfrac{20}{10}=2\left(A\right)\)

c,\(U_1=R_1\cdot I_1=2\cdot4=8\left(V\right)\)

\(U_2=I_2\cdot R_2=2\cdot6=12\left(V\right)\)

a)CTM: \(R_1nt\left(\left(R_2ntR_3\right)//R_4\right)\)

\(R_{23}=R_2+R_3=7+5=12\Omega\)

\(R_{234}=\dfrac{R_{23}\cdot R_4}{R_{23}+R_4}=\dfrac{12\cdot11}{12+11}=\dfrac{132}{23}\Omega\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_{234}=3+\dfrac{132}{23}=\dfrac{201}{23}\Omega\)

b)\(I_1=I_{234}=I_{AB}=\dfrac{U_{AB}}{R_{AB}}=\dfrac{30}{\dfrac{201}{23}}=\dfrac{230}{67}A\approx3,4A\)

\(U_{23}=U_4=U-U_1=30-I_1\cdot R_1=30-\dfrac{230}{67}\cdot3=\dfrac{1320}{67}V\)

\(I_4=\dfrac{U_4}{R_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1320}{67}}{11}=\dfrac{120}{67}A\approx1,79A\)

\(I_2=I_3=I_{23}=\dfrac{U_{23}}{R_{23}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1320}{67}}{12}=\dfrac{110}{67}A\approx1,64A\)

\(R_{12}=\dfrac{15.30}{15+30}=10\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_m=R_{12}+R_3=10+30=40\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I_m=\dfrac{U_{AB}}{R_m}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(A\right)\)

\(b,I_{12}=I_3=0,3\left(A\right)\)

\(\dfrac{I_1}{I_2}=\dfrac{R_2}{R_1}=\dfrac{30}{15}=\dfrac{2}{1}\)

\(\rightarrow I_1=0,2\left(A\right);I_2=0,1\left(A\right)\)

a. Vì \(R_1ntR_2\) nên \(R_{12}=R_1+R_2=15+25=40\left(\text{Ω}\right)\)

Vì \(R_{12}//R_3\) nên \(\dfrac{1}{R_{td}}=\dfrac{1}{R_{12}}+\dfrac{1}{R_3}\Rightarrow R_{td}=\dfrac{R_{12}.R_3}{R_{12}+R_3}=\dfrac{40.10}{40+10}=8\left(\text{Ω}\right)\)

b. Ta có \(I=\dfrac{U}{R_{td}}=\dfrac{12}{8}=1,5\left(A\right)\)

mà \(U_{12}=U_3\Leftrightarrow R_{12}.I_{12}=R_3.I_3\Leftrightarrow40I_{12}=10I_3\Leftrightarrow I_3=4I_{12}\) (1)

mặt khác, ta có \(I=I_{12}+I_3\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow I_{12}+4I_{12}=1,5\Rightarrow I_{12}=0,3\left(A\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow I_3=I-I_{12}=1,5-0,3=1,2\left(A\right)\)

c. Ta có \(R_{td'}=\dfrac{R_{2x}.R_3}{R_{2x}+R_3}=\dfrac{\left(25+R_x\right)10}{R_x+25+10}=\dfrac{250+10R_x}{35+R_x}=7,5\left(\text{Ω}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow R_x=5\left(\text{Ω}\right)\)

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Vd

MCD: R1 nt R2

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