Bài 2: 

a: =>x-45=-20

hay x=25

b: =>35+30-5x=-12+112

=>65-5x=100

=>5x=-35

hay x=-7

c: =>x-124=1000

hay x=1124

d: \(\Leftrightarrow46-\left(3x-2\right)^3=-18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-2\right)^3=64\)

=>3x-2=4

hay x=2

Bài 2: 

a: =>x-45=-20

hay x=25

b: =>35+30-5x=-12+112=100

=>65-5x=100

=>5x=-35

hay x=-7

c: =>x-124=1000

hay x=1124

d: \(\Leftrightarrow46-\left(3x-2\right)^3=-18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-2\right)^3=64\)

=>3x-2=4

hay x=2

Số số hạng của dãy là : \(\left(45-1\right)\div4+1=12\)( số )

Ta có :

\(\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+5\right)+\left(x+9\right)+....+\left(x+45\right)=331,2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12\times x+\frac{\left(45+1\right)\times12}{2}=331,2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12\times x+276=331,2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12\times z=55,2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=4,6\)

Vậy \(x=4,6\)

\(x^{20}=x\)

⇒\(x^{20}-x=0\)

⇒\(x\left(x^{19}-1\right)=0\)

⇔\(x^{19}-1=0\) hoặc x=0

⇔x=1 hoặc x=0

\(x^{20}=x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^{20}-x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x^{19}-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^{20}=x\\ \Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)vì \(x\in N\)

X × 2,5 + 7,5 = 36,5

X × 2,5 = 36,5 - 7,5

X × 2,5 = 29

  X = 29 : 2,5

  X = 11,6

\(x\times2,5+7,5=36,5\\ x\times2,5=36,5-7,5\\ x\times2,5=29\\ x=29:2,5\\ x=11,6\)

\(x:15=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(x=5\)

\(x:15=\dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=5\)

\(x:15=\dfrac{8}{24}\)

\(\Rightarrow x:8=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{3}.15\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5\)

\(x+1538=3215\\ \Rightarrow x=3215-1538=1677\\ x-215=1578\\ \Rightarrow x=1578+215=1793\\ 345-x=182\\ \Rightarrow x=345-182=163\)

x+1538=3215⇒x=3215−1538=1677x−215=1578⇒x=1578+215=1793345−x=182⇒x=345−182=163

x+1538=3215⇒x=3215−1538=1677x−215=1578⇒x=1578+215=1793345−x=182⇒x=345−182=163

\(x=\dfrac{15}{13}+\dfrac{11}{13}=\dfrac{15+11}{13}=\dfrac{26}{13}\)

\(x=\dfrac{15}{13}+\dfrac{11}{13}\\ x=\dfrac{26}{13}\)

X = 11/13 + 15/13 = 26/13

\(\dfrac{x^2}{20}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=16\)

hay \(x\in\left\{4;-4\right\}\)