\(a/2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b/n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2mol\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\ c/higro\Rightarrow hydrogen\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437\left(l\right)\\ d/n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.6}{2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}=0,3\left(l\right)\)

\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=1,5.0,5.0,03=0,0375mol\\ m_{Al}=0,0375.27=1,0125g\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot0,03\cdot0,5=1,71g\\V_{H_2}=24,79.0,5.0,03=0,37185L\)

\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b/n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,015}{3}=0,005\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,005.342=1,71\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al}=0,005.2=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,01.27=0,27\left(g\right)\\ c/n_{H_2}=0,005.3=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,015.24,79=0,37185\left(l\right)\)

\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(b/30ml=0,03l\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0015.2}{3}=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,001.27=0,027\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,0015}{2}=0,00075\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,00075.342=0,2565\left(g\right)\)

\(c/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,0015.3}{3}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,0015.24,79=0,037185\left(l\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

0,05 -->0,1----->0,05----->0,05

b

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,2}{24}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,05.95=4,75\left(g\right)\)

c

\(V_{H_2}=0,05.24,79=1,2395\left(l\right)\)

d

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

      0,05<--0,1----->0,05--->0,05

\(m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl2}=0,05.127=6,35\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dkc\right)}=0,05.24,79=1,2395\left(l\right)\)

2Al+6HCl->2AlCl₃+3H₂

0,2----0,6-----0,2-----0,3 mol

n _H2=\(\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}\)=0,3 mol

=>m_Al=0,2.27=5,4g

=>m _HCl=0,6.36,5=21,9g

=>m _AlCl3=0,2.133,5=26,7g

3H2+Fe₂O₃-to>2Fe+3H₂O

0,3-------0,1----------0,2 mol

=>m _Fe=0,2.56=11,2g

=>m_Fe2O3=0,1.160=16g

nH2 = 7,437/24,79 = 0,3 (mol)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Mol: 0,2 <--- 0,6 <--- 0,2 <--- 0,3

mAl = 0,2 . 27 = 5,4 (g)

mHCl = 0,6 . 36,5 = 21,9 (g)

mAlCl3 = 0,2 . 204,5 = 40,9 (g)

PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> (t°) 2Fe + 3H2O

Mol: 0,1 <--- 0,3

mFe2O3 = 0,1 . 160 = 16 (g)

a. \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7.437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂ 

              0,2      0,6                  0,3

\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

a) 2Al+6HCl2AlCl3+3H2

b)

nAl==0,4(mol)

nAlCl3=nAl=0,4(mol)

mAlCl3=0,4.133,5=53,4(g)

c)

nH2=nAl=0,6(mol)

VH2=22,4.0,6=13,44(l)

d) n HCl=0,4.6\2=1,2 mol

=>Cm HCl=1,2\0,1=12M

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)

            2           6              2            3

          0,4         1,2           0,4          0,6

b) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,4.3}{2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,6.24,79=14,874\left(l\right)\)

c)  \(n_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\)

d) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.6}{2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

100ml = 0,1l

\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,1}=12\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a. 

Chất tham gia : alunium , hydrochloric acid

Chất sản phẩm : aluminium chloride , khí hydrogen 

b. 

alunium + hydrochloric acid →  aluminium chloride + khí hydrogen 

c. 

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

d.

\(m_{H_2}=m_{Al}+m_{HCl}-m_{AlCl_2}=10.5+20-15.5=15\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,4=38\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,4.24,79=9,916\left(l\right)\\ d,n_{HCl}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(l\right)\)