a) Thay m=-1 vào hệ phương trình, ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=7\\x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=2\\x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Khi m=-1 thì (x,y)=(1;4)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=2m+9\\x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=2m+9\\x=5-y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(5-y\right)+y=2m+9\\x=5-y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}15-3y+y=2m+9\\x=5-y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2y=2m-6\\x=5-y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-m+3\\x=5-\left(-m+3\right)=5+m-3=m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(x^2+2y^2=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m+2\right)^2+2\cdot\left(-m+3\right)^2=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+4m+4+2\left(m^2-6m+9\right)-18=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+4m-14+2m^2-12m+18=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3m^2-8m+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3m^2-2m-6m+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(3m-2\right)-2\left(3m-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3m-2\right)\left(m-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3m-2=0\\m-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3m=2\\m=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=\dfrac{2}{3}\\m=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=10\\2x-y=m\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=10\\4x-2y=2m\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=10+2m\\3x+2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{10+2m}{7}\\3\left(\dfrac{10+2m}{7}\right)+2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{10+2m}{7}\\\dfrac{30+6m}{7}+2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{10+2m}{7}\\y=\dfrac{40-6m}{14}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Để \(x>0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{10+2m}{7}>0\)

               \(\Leftrightarrow m>-5\) (1)

Để \(y>0\)  \(\Leftrightarrow40-6m< 0\) 

                 \(\Leftrightarrow m>\dfrac{20}{3}\) (2)

\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\rightarrow m>\dfrac{20}{3}\)

 Vậy \(m>\dfrac{20}{3}\) thì \(x>0;y< 0\)

`a)` Thay `m=\sqrt{3}+1` vào hệ ptr có:

`{(\sqrt{3}x-2y=1),(3x+(\sqrt{3}+1)y=1):}`

`<=>{(3x-2\sqrt{3}y=\sqrt{3}),(3x+(\sqrt{3}+1)y=1):}`

`<=>{((3\sqrt{3}+1)y=1-\sqrt{3}),(\sqrt{3}x-2y=1):}`

`<=>{(y=[-5+2\sqrt{3}]/13),(\sqrt{3}x-2[-5+2\sqrt{3}]/13=1):}`

`<=>{(x=[4+\sqrt{3}]/13),(y=[-5+2\sqrt{3}]/13):}`

`b){((m-1)x-2y=1),(3x+my=1):}`

`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),((m-1)[1-my]/3-2y=1):}`

`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),(m-m^2y-1+my-6y=3):}`

`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),((-m^2+m-6)y=4-m):}`

`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`

   Mà `-m^2+m-6` luôn `ne 0`

   `=>AA m` thì đều tìm được `1` giá trị `y` từ đó tìm được `x`

 `=>AA m` thì hệ ptr có `1` nghiệm duy nhất

`c){((m-1)x-2y=1),(3x+my=1):}`

`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`

`<=>{(x=(1-m[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):3),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`

`<=>{(x=[-m^2+m-6-4m+m^2]/[-3m^2+3m-18]),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`

`<=>{(x=[-3m-6]/[3(-m^2+m-6)]),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`

Ta có: `x-y=[-3m-6]/[3(-m^2+m-6)]-[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]`

                `=[-3m-6-12+3m]/[-3(m^2-m+6)]`

                `=[-18]/[-3(m^2-m+6)]=6/[(m-1/2)^2+23/4]`

Vì `(m-1/2)^2+23/4 >= 23/4`

`<=>6/[(m-1/2)^2+23/4] <= 24/23`

Hay `x-y <= 24/23`

Dấu "`=`" xảy ra `<=>m-1/2=0<=>m=1/2`

b: \(\dfrac{3}{2}< >\dfrac{2}{-3}\)

nên hệ có 1 nghiệm duy nhất

c: 3/2<>0/1

nên hệ có 1 nghiệmduy nhất

d: 0/1<>-1/-1

nên hệ có 1 nghiệm duy nhất

e: 1/2=2/4<>3/1

nên hệ ko có nghiệm

f: 1:1/2=1:1/2=1:1/2

nên hệ có vô số nghiệm

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=2m-1\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y=4m-2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y+x+2y=4m-2+3m+2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7m\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\m+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\2y=2m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\y=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^2+y^2+3\\ =m^2+\left(m+1\right)^2+3\\ =m^2+m^2+2m+1+3\\ =2m^2+2m+4\\ =2\left(m^2+m+2\right)\)

\(=2\left(m^2+m+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\right]\)

\(=2\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{2}\ge\dfrac{7}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow m=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy ...

a) Hệ phương trình vô nghiệm khi và chỉ khi:\(\dfrac{m}{3}=\dfrac{-2}{2}\ne\dfrac{2}{9}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{m}{3}=\dfrac{-2}{2}\Leftrightarrow m=-3\) .
Dễ thấy \(m=-3\) thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{-3}{3}=\dfrac{-2}{2}\ne\dfrac{2}{9}\)
Vậy \(m=-3\) hệ vô nghiệm.

b) Hệ phương trình vô nghiệm khi và chỉ khi:\(\dfrac{2}{1}=\dfrac{-m}{1}\ne\dfrac{5}{7}\)
Xét: \(\dfrac{2}{1}=\dfrac{-m}{1}\Leftrightarrow m=-2\)
Do \(\dfrac{2}{1}=\dfrac{-\left(-2\right)}{1}\ne\dfrac{5}{7}\) thỏa mãn nên m = - 2 hệ phương trình vô nghiệm.