Lời giải:

$\frac{5^5}{5^x}=5^{18}$
$5^{5-x}=5^{18}$

$5-x=18$

$x=-13$

Bài 10:

1: \(\left(\dfrac{5x+y}{x^2-5xy}+\dfrac{5x-y}{x^2+5xy}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2-25y^2}{x^2+y^2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{5x+y}{x\left(x-5y\right)}+\dfrac{5x-y}{x\left(x+5y\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-5y\right)\cdot\left(x+5y\right)}{x^2+y^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(5x+y\right)\left(x+5y\right)+\left(5x-y\right)\left(x-5y\right)}{x\left(x-5y\right)\left(x+5y\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-5y\right)\left(x+5y\right)}{x^2+y^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{5x^2+25xy+xy+5y^2+5x^2-25xy-xy+5y^2}{x\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{10x^2+10y^2}{x\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{10\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{x\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{10}{x}\)

2: \(\dfrac{4xy}{y^2-x^2}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+2xy+y^2}-\dfrac{1}{x^2-y^2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-4xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}:\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-4xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}:\dfrac{x-y-x-y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2}{-2y}\)

\(=2x\left(x+y\right)\)

Bài 11:

1: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{0;3;-3\right\}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{9}{x^3-9x}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-3}{x^2+3x}-\dfrac{x}{3x+9}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{9}{x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-3}{x\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x}{3\left(x+3\right)}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{9+x\left(x-3\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3\left(x-3\right)-x^2}{3x\left(x+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2-3x+9}{x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{3x\left(x+3\right)}{-\left(x^2-3x+9\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-3}{x-3}\)

2: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{2}{x+2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{8}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2x+4-2x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{8}\)

\(=\dfrac{8\left(x+2\right)^2}{8\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+2}{x-2}\)

3: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{1}{3};-\dfrac{1}{3};0;-\dfrac{5}{3}\right\}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{3x}{1-3x}+\dfrac{2x}{3x+1}\right):\dfrac{6x^2+10x}{1-6x+9x^2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{-3x}{3x-1}+\dfrac{2x}{3x+1}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(3x-1\right)^2}{2x\left(3x+5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-3x\left(3x+1\right)+2x\left(3x-1\right)}{\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(3x-1\right)^2}{2x\left(3x+5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-9x^2-3x+6x^2-2x}{\left(3x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{3x-1}{2x\left(3x+5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x\left(3x+5\right)}{\left(3x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{3x-1}{2x\left(3x+5\right)}=\dfrac{-3x+1}{2\left(3x+1\right)}\)

4: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{0;5;-5\right\}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-25}-\dfrac{x-5}{x^2+5x}\right):\dfrac{2x-5}{x^2+5x}+\dfrac{x}{5-x}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}-\dfrac{x-5}{x\left(x+5\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x\left(x+5\right)}{2x-5}+\dfrac{x}{5-x}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-5\right)^2}{x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x\left(x+5\right)}{2x-5}-\dfrac{x}{x-5}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-x+5\right)\left(x+x-5\right)}{\left(x-5\right)\left(2x-5\right)}-\dfrac{x}{x-5}\)

\(=\dfrac{5}{x-5}-\dfrac{x}{x-5}=\dfrac{5-x}{x-5}=-1\)

Bài 1:

\(a,x^2-y^2-2x+2y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)

\(b,2x+2y-x^2-xy=2\left(x+y\right)-x\left(x+y\right)=\left(2-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

\(c,3a^2-6ab+3b^2-12c^2=3\left(a-b\right)^2-12c^2=3\left[\left(a-b\right)^2-4c^2\right]=3\left(a-b-2c\right)\left(a-b+2c\right)\)

\(d,x^2-25+y^2+2xy=\left(x-y\right)^2-25=\left(x-y-5\right)\left(x-y+5\right)\)

Bài 1:

\(e,a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc=\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)

\(f,x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2=\left(x-2y-2\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(g,x^2y-x^3-9y+9x=x^2\left(y-x\right)-9\left(y-x\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(y-x\right)\)

\(h,x^2\left(x-1\right)+16\left(1-x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\)

Bài 2: 

1) \(4x^2-25+\left(2x+7\right)\left(5-2x\right)=\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)-\left(2x+7\right)\left(2x-5\right)=\left(2x-5\right)\left(-2\right)\)

2) \(3\left(x+4\right)-x^2-4x=3\left(x+4\right)-x\left(x+4\right)=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+4\right)\)

3) \(5x^2-5y^2-10x+10y=5\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-10\left(x-y\right)=5\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)

4) \(x^2-xy+x-y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

1) \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=x^3+3.x^2.\dfrac{1}{3}+3.x.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\)

\(=x^3+x^2+\dfrac{x}{3}+\dfrac{1}{27}\)

2) \(\left(2x+y^2\right)^3=\left(2x\right)^3+3.\left(2x\right)^2.y^2+3.2x.\left(y^2\right)^2+\left(y^2\right)^3\)

\(=8x^3+12x^2y^2+6xy^4+y^6\)

3) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\right)^3+3.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{3}y+3.\dfrac{1}{2}x^2.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}y\right)^3\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{8}x^6+\dfrac{1}{4}x^4y+\dfrac{1}{6}x^2y^2+\dfrac{1}{27}y^3\)

4) \(\left(3x^2-2y\right)^3=\left(3x^2\right)^3-3.\left(3x^2\right)^2.2y+3.3x^2.\left(2y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^3\)

\(=27x^6-54x^4y+36x^2y^2-8y^3\)

5) \(\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x^2\right)^3-3.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x^2\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{2}y+3.\dfrac{2}{3}x^2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^3\)

\(=\dfrac{8}{27}x^6-\dfrac{1}{3}x^4y+\dfrac{1}{2}x^2y^2-\dfrac{1}{8}y^3\)

6) \(\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\left(2x\right)^3+3.\left(2x\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{2}+3.2x.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)

\(=8x^3+6x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{8}\)

7) \(\left(x-3\right)^3=x^3-3.x^2.3+3.x.3^2-3^3\)

\(=x^3-9x^2+27x-27\)

8) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x.1+1^2\right)\)

\(=x^3+1^3\)

\(=x+1\)

9) \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+x.3+3^2\right)\)

\(=x^3-3^3\)

\(=x^3-27\)

10) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x.2+2^2\right)\)

\(=x^3-2^3\)

\(=x^3-8\)

11) \(\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-4x+16\right)\)

\(=\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-x.4+4^2\right)\)

\(=x^3+4^3\)

\(=x^3+64\)

12) \(\left(x-3y\right)\left(x^2+3xy+9y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left[x^2+x.3y+\left(3y\right)^2\right]\)

\(=x^3-\left(3y\right)^3\)

\(=x^3-27y^3\)

13) \(\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(x^4+\dfrac{1}{3}x^2+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left[\left(x^2\right)^2+x^2.\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\right]\)

\(=\left(x^2\right)^3-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\)

\(=x^6-\dfrac{1}{27}\)

14) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x+2y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{9}x^2-\dfrac{2}{3}xy+4y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x+2y\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{3}x.2y+\left(2y\right)^2\right]\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)^3+\left(2y\right)^3\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{27}x^3+8y^3\)

Bài 1: 

a: \(x^3-10x^2+25x\)

\(=x\left(x^2-10x+25\right)\)

\(=x\left(x-5\right)^2\)

b: \(3x-3y-x^2+2xy-y^2\)

\(=3\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3-x+y\right)\)

c: \(x^3+x-y^3-y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+1\right)\)

1. PTBĐ: Tự sự

2. TTV tự nhiên: con kiến, chiếc lá, bờ

3. Hình ảnh vết nứt ẩn dụ cho những khó khăn, thử thách trong cuộc sống mà chúng ta đối mặt hằng ngày. 

4. 

Em tham khảo:

Trong cuộc sống, con người cũng phải trải qua những khó khăn, thử thách như “vết nứt” mà con kiến bé nhỏ kia gặp phải. Điều quan trọng là trước khó khăn đó, con người ứng xử và vượt qua khó khăn như thế nào. Hình ảnh con kiến đã cho chúng ta một bài học, hãy biến những trở ngại, khó khăn của ngày hôm nay thành trải nghiệm, là hành trang quý giá cho ngày mai để đạt đến thành công, tươi sáng. Ý kiến cũng tác giả cũng gián tiếp lên tiếng trước một thực trạng, trong cuộc sống, trước những khó khăn, nhiều người còn bi quan, chán nản, bỏ cuộc… đó là thái độ cần thay đổi để vươn lên trong cuộc sống. 

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