1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Trả lời:

Bài 1: a,

\(A=\left|x-1\right|+3\)

Vì \(\left|x-1\right|\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|+3\ge3\forall x\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x - 1 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

Vậy GTNN của A = 3 khi x = 1

\(B=\left|x-7\right|-4\)

Vì \(\left|x-7\right|\ge0\forall x\)

  \(\Rightarrow\left|x-7\right|-4\ge-4\forall x\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x - 7 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow x=7\)

Vậy GTNN của B = -4 khi x = 7

b, \(C=-\left|x-3\right|+2\)

Vì \(\left|x-3\right|\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left|x-3\right|\le0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left|x-3\right|+2\le2\forall x\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

Vậy GTLN của C = 2 khi x = 3

\(M=3\left(\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{12}{2xy+x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{14}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=14\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Áp dụng bđt đã cho ta có \(M=4\left(\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)-\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\ge\dfrac{16}{2xy+x^2+y^2}-\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{16}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=14\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

1.

a) \(A=\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-4x+16\right)+3x\left(x-1\right)\)

\(A=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)-\left(x^3+64\right)+\left(3x^2-3x\right)\)

\(A=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3-64+3x^2-3x\)

\(A=\left(x^3-x^3\right)+\left(-3x^2+3x\right)+\left(3x-3x\right)+\left(-1-64\right)\)

\(A=-65\)

Vậy giá trị của biểu thức trên không phụ thuộc vào biến.

b) \(B=\left(x+y-1\right)^3-\left(x+y+1\right)^3+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(B=\left[\left(x+y-1\right)-\left(x+y+1\right)\right].\left[\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x+y-1\right).\left(x+y+1\right)+\left(x+y+1\right)^2\right]+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(B=\left(x+y-1-x-y-1\right).\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right).1+1+\left(x+y\right)^2-1+\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right).1+1\right]+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(B=-2.\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-2x-2y+1+x^2+2xy+y^2-1+x^2+2xy+y^2+2x+2y+1\right)+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(B=-2.\left(3x^2+6xy+3y^2+1\right)+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(B=-2.\left(3x^2+6xy+3y^2\right)-2+6\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(B=-6\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)^2-2\)

\(B=-6\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)^2\right]-2\)

\(B=-2\)

Vậy giá trị của biểu thức trên không phụ thuộc vào biến.

2. \(A=x^2+6x+11\)

\(A=x^2+2x.3+3^2+2\)

\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+2\)

Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow Min_A=2\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)

\(B=4-x^2-x\)

\(B=-x^2-x+4\)

\(B=-x^2-x-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{17}{4}\)

\(B=-\left(x^2+2x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{17}{4}\)

\(B=-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{4}\)

Ta có: \(-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{4}\le\dfrac{17}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow Max_B=\dfrac{17}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

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rất tiếc em mới học lớp 6

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1:

a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4

=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2

b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4

=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2

e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2

f: x^2-4x+7

=x^2-4x+4+3

=(x-2)^2+3>=3

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2

2:

a: A=2x^2+4x+9

=2x^2+4x+2+7

=2(x^2+2x+1)+7

=2(x+1)^2+7>=7

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1

b: x^2+2x+4

=x^2+2x+1+3

=(x+1)^2+3>=3

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1

Bài 3:

a: \(\Leftrightarrow8n^2+4n-8n-4+5⋮2n+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2n+1\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{0;-1;2;-3\right\}\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow4n^3-2n^2-6n+3+2⋮2n-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2n-1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{1;0\right\}\)