Bài 1

\(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+abc+ac^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2b+abc+a^2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2c+abc+b^2c}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc+ac\left(a+c\right)+abc+bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{ab+bc+ac}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Bài 2

\(VT=\left(\sqrt{a^2}+\sqrt{b^2}+\sqrt{c^2}\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\right]\)

Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có

\(VT\ge\left(\sqrt{a}.\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}+\sqrt{b}.\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}+\sqrt{c}.\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\)

Xét \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Đây là BĐT Iran 96 khá nổi tiếng. Bạn hoàn toàn có thể search trên google lời giải.

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

BT2: Nhân 2 lên, chuyển vế, biến đổi bla..... sẽ ra đpcm

Đặt \(A=x+\dfrac{4}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}\ge3\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)+\dfrac{4}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}+\left(y+1\right)-1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số dương ta có :

\(\left(x-y\right)+\dfrac{4}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x-y\right).4}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{4}{y+1}\)

Xảy ra khi : \(\left(x-y\right)\left(y+1\right)=2\) ( do \(a,b>0\))

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{4}{y+1}+\left(y+1\right)-1\)

Sử dụng Cô-Si lần nữa, ta có :

\(\dfrac{4}{y+1}+\left(y+1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{y+1}\left(y+1\right)}=2.2=4\)

Xảy ra khi \(\left(y+1\right)^2=4\Leftrightarrow y=1\)

Từ đây ta có thể thấy : \(A\ge4-1=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x-y\right)\cdot\left(y+1\right)=2\) và \(y=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right..\)

Bài này hồi lúc cũng không biết làm, h biết truyền lại cho bạn :D

Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Đắc Định - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:

\(\frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{c+a}{4a}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{8b^3}}=\frac{3a}{2b}\)

\(\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{a+b}{4b}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^3}{8c^3}}=\frac{3b}{2c}\)

\(\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{b+c}{4c}+\frac{1}{2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c^3}{8a^3}}=\frac{3c}{2a}\)

Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:

\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{1}{4}(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a})+\frac{9}{4}\geq \frac{3}{2}(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a})\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}\geq \frac{5}{4}(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a})-\frac{9}{4}\geq \frac{5}{4}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}-\frac{9}{4}\)

hay \( \frac{a^4}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b^4}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^3(b+c)}\geq \frac{5}{4}.3-\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Ta có đpcm

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Cách khác:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\text{VT}=\frac{(\frac{a^2}{b})^2}{b(c+a)}+\frac{(\frac{b^2}{c})^2}{c(a+b)}+\frac{(\frac{c^2}{a})^2}{a(b+c)}\geq \frac{\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)^2}{b(c+a)+c(a+b)+a(b+c)}\)

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{b+c+a}=a+b+c\)

\(\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)^2\geq (a+b+c)^2\)

Do đó: \(\text{VT}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(ab+bc+ac)}\)

Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT Cauchy: \((a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)\)

Suy ra: \(\text{VT}\geq \frac{3(ab+bc+ac)}{2(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)

Câu 1:

Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}-ab\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)

Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\) (1)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)

Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

5 , a³+b³+c³\(\ge\) 3abc

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a³+3a²b+3ab²+b³+c³-3a²b-3ab²-3abc\(\ge\) 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)³+c³-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a²+2ab+b²-ac-bc+c²)-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a²+b²+c²-ab-bc-ca)\(\ge0\) (1)

ta co : a,b,c>0 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b+c>0 (2)

(a-b)²+(b-c)²+(c-a)²\(\ge0\)

<=> 2a²+2b²+2c²-2ac-2cb-2ab\(\ge0\)

<=>a²+b²+c²-ab-bc-ac\(\ge\) 0 (3)

Từ (1)(2)(3)=> pt luôn đúng