Gọi V1,V2 lần lượt là thể tích của hai dung dịch HCl nồng độ 0,5M và 3M

Lập sơ đồ đường chéo :

V1: C1=0,5M                          3-2,5 =0,5M

                            2,5M

V2: C2=3M                             2,5-0,5=2M

=> \(\dfrac{V_1}{V_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Mặc khác : \(V_1+V_2=V=0,1\)

=> V1=0,02 (l), V2=0,08(l)

Câu 5:

\(Đặt:V_{H_2O}=a\left(l\right)\left(a>0\right)\\ n_{KOH}=160.2,4=384\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:C_{MddKOH\left(cuối\right)}=2\left(M\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{384}{160+a}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow a=32\left(lít\right)\)

Vậy cần thêm 32 lít H₂O

Câu 7:

\(m_{NaOH}=200.35\%=70\left(g\right)\)

Ta có:\(m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}.100}{20};m_{ddNaOH\left(40\%\right)}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}.100}{40}\)

  \(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}+_{ddNaOH\left(40\%\right)}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}.100}{20}+\dfrac{m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}.100}{40}\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow400=10m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}+5m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}+m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}=70\\10m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}+5m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}=400\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH\left(20\%\right)}=10\\m_{NaOH\left(40\%\right)}=60\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}=\dfrac{10.100}{20}=50\left(g\right);m_{ddNaOH\left(40\%\right)}=\dfrac{60.100}{40}=150\left(g\right)\)

B4:

nNaOH = 0,3 . 1,5 + 0,4 . 2,5 = 1,45 (mol)

VddNaOH = 0,3 + 0,4 = 0,7 (l)

CMddNaOH = 1,45/0,7 = 2,07M

B5:

nHCl (sau khi pha) = 0,5 . 2 = 1 (mol)

Gọi VHCl (0,2) = x (l); VHCl (0,8) = y (l)

x + y = 2 (1)

nHCl (0,2) = 0,2x (mol)

nHCl (0,8) = 0,8y (mol)

=> 0,2x + 0,8y = 1 (2)

(1)(2) => x = y = 1 (l)

Ta có: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4.1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)

a, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,6}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)

b, \(n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,8.58,5=46,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,4.24,79=9,916\left(l\right)\)

c, \(C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,4+0,6}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

Áp dụng sơ đồ đường chéo:

\(\dfrac{V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(2M\right)}}{V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(4M\right)}}=\dfrac{4-3}{3-2}=\dfrac{1}{1}\)

=> \(V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(2M\right)}=V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(4M\right)}=\dfrac{300}{2}=150\left(ml\right)\)

\(a/KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=0,25.1,5=0,375mol\\ n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}=n_{HCl}=0,375mol\\ V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875l\\ b/C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}=\dfrac{6}{7}M\)