Bạn coi lại đề xem có sai không chứ nghiệm giải ra xấu cực. Và phương trình không rút gọn hết nghe cũng rất vô lý.

\(2x^3-x^2+\sqrt[3]{2x^3-3x+1}=3x+1+\sqrt[3]{x^2+2}.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^3-3x+1\right)-\left(x^2+2\right)+\sqrt[3]{2x^2-3x+1}-\sqrt[3]{x^2+2}=0\)(*)

Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{2x^3-3x+1}=a\Rightarrow2x^3-3x+1=a^3\); \(\sqrt[3]{x^2+2}=b\Rightarrow b^3=x^2+2\)

Khi đó: (*) \(\Leftrightarrow a^3-b^3+a-b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a-b=0\)( Vì: \(a^2+ab+b^2+1=\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2+1>0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)hay \(\sqrt[3]{2x^3-3x+1}=\sqrt[3]{x^2+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3-3x+1=x^2+2\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^3+x^2\right)-\left(2x^2+x\right)-\left(2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2-x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+1=0\left(1\right)\\x^2-x-1=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

Giải (1)ta được \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)

Giải (2) ta có: \(x^2-x-1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{4}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x-\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}\\x=\frac{-\sqrt{5}+1}{2}\end{cases}}\)

Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình đã cho là: \(S=\left\{-\frac{1}{2};\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2};\frac{-\sqrt{5}+1}{2}\right\}.\)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x^2+2x-1\ge0\)

\(x^2+2x-1+2\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{x^2+2x-1}-4x=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+2x-1}=t\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2+2\left(x-1\right)t-4x=0\)

\(\Delta'=\left(x-1\right)^2+4x=\left(x+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1-x+x+1=2\\t=1-x-x-1=-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+2x-1}=2\\\sqrt{x^2+2x-1}=-2x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2x-5=0\\3x^2-2x+1=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-1\pm\sqrt{6}\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(2x^2+x-3+2x-\sqrt{5x-1}+2-\sqrt[3]{9-x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)+\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(4x-1\right)}{2x+\sqrt[]{5x-1}}+\dfrac{x-1}{4+2\sqrt[3]{9-x}+\sqrt[3]{\left(9-x\right)^2}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+3+\dfrac{4x-1}{2x+\sqrt[]{5x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{4+2\sqrt[3]{9-x}+\sqrt[3]{\left(9-x\right)^2}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\) (ngoặc đằng sau luôn dương)

`\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=3x-2+2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}` (ĐK: `x>=-1)`

`<=>\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=3x-2+2\sqrt{2x+3}*\sqrt{x+1}`

`<=>\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=(2x+3)+2\sqrt{2x+3}*\sqrt{x+1}+(x+1)-6`

`<=>\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1})^2-6`

Đặt: `t=\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}(t>=0)` ta được pt:

`t=t^2-6`

`<=>t^2-t-6=0`

`<=>(t-3)(t+2)=0`

`<=>t=3(tm)` hoặc `t=-2(L)`

Suy ra: `\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=3`

`<=>2x+3+2\sqrt{(2x+3)(x+1)}+x+1=9`

`<=>2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}=5-3x`

`<=>4(2x^2+5x+3)=(5-3x)^2=9x^2-30x+25`

`<=>8x^2+20x+12=9x^2-30x+25`

`<=>x^2-50x+13=0`

`<=>x=25-6\sqrt{17}(tm)` và `x=25+6\sqrt{17}(tm)`

Vậy: `...`