1. chứng minh bđt
a. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\)
b.\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\forall a,b>0\)
c.\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge a\left(b+c\right)\)
chứng minh các BĐT:
a)\(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2;\)
b)\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
a) Áp dụng Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
b) Áp dụng AM-GM:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\a^2+c^2\ge2ac\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2ab+2bc+2ac\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\) (cm ở trên r nên khỏi cm lại đi)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
Kết hợp 2 điều trên:\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
a)2(a2+b2) ≥ (a+b)2
⇔ 2a2+2b2 ≥ a2+2ab+b2
xét hiệu
⇔ 2a2+2b2-a2-2ab-b2 ≥ 0
⇔ a2-2ab+b2 ≥ 0
⇔ (a-b)2 ≥ 0 (luôn đúng )
=> đpcm
a )2(a^2+b^2)\(\ge\)(a+b)^2\(\Leftrightarrow\)2a^2+2b^2\(\ge\)a^2+b^2+2ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\)2a^2+2b^2-a^2-b^2-2ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(a-b)^2\(\ge\)0 (2)
(2) đúng nên 1 đúng
b )
chứng minh vế 1 3(a^2+b^2+c^2)\(\ge\)(a+b+c)^2
\(\Leftrightarrow\)3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\(\ge\)0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2\(\ge\)0 luôn đúng
chứng minh vế 2 (a+b+c)^2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\(\ge\)0
cm như trên suy ra đpcm
Áp BĐT Cô-si
1. Cho a,b,c \(\ge\) 0. Chứng minh các BĐT sau
a. \(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge\left(1+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\)
b. \(a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\ge6abc\)
c. \(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\le\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
d. \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
d/ Đặt \(x=a+b\) , \(y=b+c\) , \(z=c+a\)
thì : \(a=\frac{x+z-y}{2}\) ; \(b=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\) ; \(c=\frac{y+z-x}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{\frac{x+z-y}{2}}{y}+\frac{\frac{x+y-z}{2}}{z}+\frac{\frac{y+z-x}{2}}{x}\)
\(=\frac{z+x-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}+\frac{y+z-x}{2x}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}-3\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}.6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
b/ \(a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\ge6abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2b^2-2abc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2c^2-2abc+a^2\right)+\left(c^2a^2-2abc+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-c\right)^2+\left(bc-a\right)^2+\left(ca-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt ban đầu dc chứng minh.
c/ \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}\le\frac{a+b}{4}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{bc}{b+c}\le\frac{b+c}{4}\) ; \(\frac{ac}{a+c}\le\frac{a+c}{4}\)
Cộng theo vế : \(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{a+c}\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
CM BĐT sau
a/ \(\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(c^2-d^2\right)\le\left(ac-bd\right)^2\) \(\forall a,b,c,d\)
b/ \(\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)^2\) \(\forall a,b\)
c/ \(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\) \(\forall a,b\)
c) theo bđt cauchy ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+1\ge2b\\a^2+1\ge2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
cộng hết lại rút 2 đi \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
b)theo bđt bunhiacopxki ta có
\(\left(1^2+a^2\right)\left(1^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
theo bđt cauchy ta có
\(-\left(a^2d^2+b^2c^2\right)\le-2abcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2c^2-a^2d^2+b^2d^2-b^2c^2\le a^2c^2-2abcd+b^2d^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2(c^2-d^2)-b^2(c^2-d^2)\le a^2c^2-2abcd+b^2d^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow(c^2-d^2)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\le(ac-bd)^2\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Cho a,b,c∈R.CM bđt \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) (1). Áp dụng cm các bđt sau:
a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
b)\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
c)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
d)\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
e)\(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}}vớia,b,c>0\)
f)\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\) nếu a+b+c=1
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
a/ Từ BĐT ban đầu ta có:
\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) (đpcm)
b/ Chia 2 vế của BĐT ở câu a cho 9 ta được:
\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\) (đpcm)
c/ Cộng 2 vế của BĐT ban đầu với \(2ab+2bc+2ca\) ta được:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\ge3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
d/ Áp dụng BĐT ban đầu cho các số \(a^2;b^2;c^2\) ta được:
\(\left(a^2\right)^2+\left(b^2\right)^2+\left(c^2\right)^2\ge a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
Mặt khác ta cũng có:
\(\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2\ge ab.bc+bc.ca+ab+ca=abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
e/ Chia 2 vế của BĐT ở câu c cho 9 ta được:
\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}\)
Khai căn 2 vế: \(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge\sqrt{\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}}\)
f/ Áp dụng BĐT ở câu d:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\) (do \(a+b+c=1\))
Cho a,b,c>0 thỏa mãn \(\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2\ge\left(abc\right)^2\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)c^3}+\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(b^2+c^2\right)a^3}+\frac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(a^2+c^2\right)b^3}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
We Have \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2or\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge a+b+c.\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Cho \(a,b,c>0\)
CMR :\(\frac{a^4}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b^4}{c\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c^4}{a\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Svac-xo ta có :
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
Dấu "-" xảy ra \(< =>a=b=c\)
chứng minh các bất đẳng thức sau:
a) a2b+\(\frac{1}{b}\ge2a,\left(\forall a,b>0\right)\)
b) (a+b)(ab+1)≥4ab,(∀a,b>0)
c) (a+b)(a+2)(b+2)≥16ab, (∀a,b>0)
d) (1+\(\frac{a}{b}\))\(\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)\ge8,\left(\forall a.b,c>0\right)\)
Chứng minh bất đẳng thức
\(1,\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
\(2,a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(3,\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(4,\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{ab}\left(a,b>0\right)\)
\(5, 3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)