Exercise 1:

I only recognized him when he came into the room

=> It was not until he came into the room that I recognized him

Not until …. : Mãi đến khi, cho đến khi

Not until S + auxiliary verb……auxiliary verb + S

Rewrite these sentences using an if construction

1. I did't see the signal so Idid't stop

=> If I had seen the signal, I would have stopped.

2.she did't know you were in hospital so she didn't visit you

=> If she had known you were in hospital, she would have visited you.

3. I did't know your number so I didn't ring

=> If I had known your number, I would have rung.

4.We only came by bus because there were no taxis

=> If there had been some taxis, we wouldn't have come by bus.

5.She didn't speak to him possible because she was so shy

=> If she hadn't been so shy, she would have spoken to him.

6. Landlord: She threatened to set fire to her flat ; that's the only reason I askeed her to leave

=> If she hadn't threatened him, he wouldn't have asked her to leave.

7' we đin't visit the musrum because we hadn't time

=> If we had time, we would have visited the museum.

8.I only came up the stairs because the lift wasn't working

=> If the lift had been working, I wouldn't come up the stairs.

9.We didn't listen carefully; perhaps that's why we made this mistake

=> If we had listened carefully, we wouldn't have made this mistake.

10'We got a lift so we reached the station in time

=> If we hadn't got a lift, we wouldn't have reached the station in time.

11 You washed it in boiling water that's why it shrank

=> If you hadn't washed it in boiling water, it wouldn't have shrunk.

12. We missted the train because we were using an out -of- date timetable

=> If we hadn't used an out of date timetable, we wouldn't have missed the train.

13His own men deserted him; that's the only reason why he failed

=> If his own men hadn't deserted him, he wouldn't have failed.

14 They were driving very quickly .That's why the accident was so terrible ư

=> If they hadn't driven very quickly, the accident wouldn't have been so terrible.

15 it was raining .That the only reason I didn't take the children to the beach

=> If it hadn't rained, I would have taken the children to the beach.

16 When I bought this house I didn't realize that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes

=> If I had realized that in summer planes skimmed the roof every five minutes, I wouldn't have bought it.

17 Tom's father was on the Board'That 's the only reason he got the job

=> If Tom's father hadn't been on the board, he wouldn't have got the job.

18 He wasn't looking where he was going ,That's why he was run over

=> If he hadn't looked where he was going, he wouldn't have run over.

19 I don't like country life perhaps because I wasn't brought up in the country

=> If I had been brought up in the country, I would have liked it.

20 I didn't know he was so quarrelsome '.I'm sorry now that I invited him

=> If I had known he was so quarrelsome, I wouldn't have invited him.

Rewrite these sentences using an if construction

1. I did't see the signal so Idid't stop

=> If I had seen the singnal , I would have stopped

2.she did't know you were in hospital so she didn't visit you

=> If she had known you were in hospital, she would have visited you

3. I did't know your number so I didn't ring

=> if I had known your number , I would have rung

4.We only came by bus because there were no taxis

=> If there had been some taxis, We wouldn't have came by bus

5.She didn't speak to him possible because she was so shy

=> if she hadn't been so shy, she would have speaken to him pissible

6. Landlord: She threatened to set fire to her flat ; that's the only reason I askeed her to leave

7' we đin't visit the musrum because we hadn't time

=> If we had had time, we would have visited the musrum

8.I only came up the stairs because the lift wasn't working

=>If the lift had been working, I would have come up the stairs

9.We didn't listen carefully; perhaps that's why we made this mistake

10'We got a lift so we reached the station in time

=> If we had got a lift , we would have reached the station in time

11 You washed it in boiling water that's why it shrank

12. We missted the train because we were using an out -of- date timetable

13His own men deserted him; that's the only reason why he failed

14 They were driving very quickly .That's why the accident was so terrible ư

15 it was raining .That the only reason I didn't take the children to the beach

=> If it hadn't been raining I would have taken the childran to the beach

16 When I bought this house I didn't realize that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes

=> If I had readlized that in summer planes skimmed the roof very five minutes, I would have bouht this house

17 Tom's father was on the Board'That 's the only reason he got the job

=>If tom's father had been on the board, he would have got the job

18 He wasn't looking where he was going ,That's why he was run over

=> If he hadn't run over, he would have been looing where he was going

19 I don't like country life perhaps because I wasn't brought up in the country

=>If I had brought up in the country, I would have liked coutry lifre perhaps

20 I didn't know he was so quarrelsome '.I'm sorry now that I invited him

=> If I had known ha was so quarrelsome, I would have visited him

1.     We can’t go swimming because it rains.

->if………….it didn't rain, we could go swimming

2.     He is poor. He doesn’t afford to buy new clothes.

->If……he weren't poor, he would afford to buy new clothes. …………….

3.     I don’t know her address, so I can’t tell you.

->If I ……….knew ..her address, I could tell you.

      4 . He can’t park near his office, so he doesn’t come by car

→ If ……he could park near his office, he would come by car ………………..

     5. My house is guarded by two big dogs. it isn’t broken into every night

→ If ………my house weren't guarded by two big dogs, it would be broken into every night………. ..

     6. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.

→ If . ……the flat were clearly numbered, so it weren't very difficult to find anyone. …………

7. I don’t have a cell phone , so I can’t lend you

→ If . ……I had a cell phone , I could lend you………………

8. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children.

→ If ………she didn't work in the evening, she would have time to play with her children.…….. .

Rewrite each sentence so that the meaning stays the same

1. I only recognized him when he came into the light.

⇒ It was ___n't until he came into the light that I recognized him_________.

2. It is pointless to have that old typewriter repaired

⇒ That old typewriter is not ___worth being repaired______.

3. I have never seen such beautiful pictures before.

⇒ These pictures  ___are the most beautiful I have ever seen________.

4. Although he didn't speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.

⇒ In spite ____of not speaking dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam_______.

5. He looks older when he wears glasses.

⇒ Glasses make ___him look order______.

7. He will not go because it rains

→If it wasnt rains , he would go

8.   He doesn’t help me, possible because I never ask him for help.

→  If I ased him for help, he woulf help me    

9.   I can’t drive so we can’t take the car.

→ If i could drive , we could take the car       

10. If he doesn’t save fresh water, there willnot be water for him tomorrow

→ Unless he save fresh water, there willnot be water for him tomorrow         

Đáp án: A

40. The weather is bad so we can't go for a walk.

→If ...the weather weren't bad, we could go for a walk...

41. People don't trust him because he tells lies.

→If ...he didn't tell lies, people would trust him ...

42. Unless she goes on a diet, she won't lose weight.

→ If......she doesn't go on a diet, she will not lose weight ...

43. He didn’t go to the party because he was busy.

→ He was busy, …so he didn't go to the party …..

44. The road was very icy. They couldn't drive fast. (so)

→......The road was very icy so they couldn't drive fast...

45. We take our umbrellas because it is raining heavily.

→ It is ......raining heavily so we take our umbrellas ......

46. It was raining hard, so we had to cancel the game.

→We had to ....cancel the game because it was raining hard......

47. I went to school as usual yesterday. I had a terrible cold. (although)

→...Although I had a terrible cold, I went to school as usual yesterday ......