Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a/ x2 – 3x – 4xy + 12y b/ x3 – 4x2 + 4x -1
c/ x – y – ax + ay d/ x2 – 4 + ( x + 2)2
e/x3 + x2y – x2z – xyz f/ x2 – y2 – 2x – 2y
Bài 2: Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x4 - y4
b) x2 - 3y2
c) (3x - 2y)2 - (2x - 3y)2
d) 9(x - y)2 - 4(x + y)2
e) (4x2 - 4x + 1) - (x + 1)2
f) x3 + 27
g) 27x3 - 0,001
h) 125x3 - 1
a) \(x^4-y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-\left(y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b) \(x^2-3y^2\)
\(=x^2-\left(y\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x+y\sqrt{3}\right)\)
c) \(\left(3x-2y\right)^2-\left(2x-3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-2y+2x-3y\right)\left(3x-2y-3x+2y\right)\)
\(=0\cdot0\)
\(=0\)
d) \(9\left(x-y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)^2-\left(2x+2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-3y-2x-2y\right)\left(3x-3y+2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5y\right)\left(5x-y\right)\)
e) \(\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1+x+1\right)\left(2x-1-x-1\right)\)
\(=3x\left(x-2\right)\)
f) \(x^3+27\)
\(=x^3+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)\)
g) \(27x^3-0,001\)
\(=\left(3x\right)^3-\left(0,1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(3x-0,1\right)\left(9x^2+0,3x+0,01\right)\)
h) \(125x^3-1\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^3-1^3\)
\(=\left(5x-1\right)\left(25x^2+5x+1\right)\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 4x2- 4xy+ y2
b) 9x3-9x2y - 4x + 4y
c) x2+ 2 + 3(x2-2)
\(a,=\left(2x-y\right)^2\\ b,=9x^2\left(x-y\right)-4\left(x-y\right)=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ c,=x^2+2+3x^2-6=4x^2-4=4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) A= \(x^3\)y - 12xy - x2y
b)B= 4x2 - 3y2 - 4xy - 2x + 3y
c)C= (x+1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4) - 120
d)D= x5 - x4 + x2 - 1
a: \(A=x^3y-12xy-x^2y\)
\(=xy\cdot x^2-xy\cdot12-xy\cdot x\)
\(=xy\left(x^2-x-12\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x^2-4x+3x-12\right)\)
\(=xy\left[x\left(x-4\right)+3\left(x-4\right)\right]\)
\(=xy\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
c: \(C=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)-120\)
=(x+1)(x+4)(x+2)(x+3)-120
\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)-120\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2+10\left(x^2+5x\right)+24-120\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2+10\left(x^2+5x\right)-96\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+16\right)\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+16\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
d: \(D=x^5-x^4+x^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^5-x^4\right)+\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^4\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^4+x+1\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a)x2-4xy+x-4y
b)x2-6xy+9y2-4
c)x3-4x2-12x+27
a) = (x - 4y)(x + 1)
b) = (x - 3y)^2 - 2^2
= (x - 3y - 2)(x - 3y + 2)
c) = x^2(x + 3) - 7x(x + 3) + 9(x + 3)
= (x + 3)(x^2 - 7x + 9)
a: \(x^2-4xy+x-4y\)
\(=x\left(x-4y\right)+\left(x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4y\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2-4\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2-4\)
\(=\left(x-3y-2\right)\left(x-3y+2\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a)x2-9+2.(x+3)
b)x2-10x+25-3.(x-5)
c)x3-4x2+3x
a) \(x^2-9+2\left(x+3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)+2\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3+2\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b) \(x^2-10x+25-3\left(x-5\right)=\left(x-5\right)^2-3\left(x-5\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(x-5-3\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(x-8\right)\)
c) \(x^3-4x^2+3x=x\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
bài 1 : phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a)x2 + 4x +4
b)4x2 - 4x + 1
c) 2x- 1 -x2
d) x2+ x +\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
e)9 - x2
g)(x+5)2 - 4x2
h)(x+1)2 -(2x - 1 )2
i)x2y2 - 4xy +1
k)y2-(x2 - 2x +1 )
l)x3 + 6x2+12x +8
m) 8x3 - 12x2y + 6xy2 - y3
a: \(x^2+4x+4=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
b: \(4x^2-4x+1=\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot1+1^2=\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
c: \(2x-1-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
d: \(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
e: \(9-x^2=3^2-x^2=\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)
g: \(\left(x+5\right)^2-4x^2=\left(x+5+2x\right)\left(x+5-2x\right)\)
\(=\left(5-x\right)\left(5+3x\right)\)
h: \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+1+2x-1\right)\left(x+1-2x+1\right)\)
\(=3x\left(-x+2\right)\)
i: \(=x^2y^2-4xy+4-3\)
\(=\left(xy-2\right)^2-3=\left(xy-2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(xy-2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
k: \(=y^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y-x+1\right)\left(y+x-1\right)\)
l: \(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot2+3\cdot x\cdot2^2+2^3=\left(x+2\right)^3\)
m: \(=\left(2x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2-y^3=\left(2x-y\right)^3\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x 2 -3x + 2; b) 4 x 2 - 36x + 56;
c) 2 x 2 + 5x + 2; d)2 x 2 -9x + 7;
e) 4 x 2 - 4x - 9 y 2 + 12y - 3; g) x 4 - 2 x 3 -4 x 2 + 4x-3;
h) x 3 -x +3 x 2 y + 3x y 2 + y 3 -y.
a) (x - 1)(x - 2). b) 4(x - 2)(x - 7).
c) (x + 2)(2x +1). d) (x - l)(2x - 7).
e) (2x + 3y - 3)(2x - 3y +1). g) (x - 3)( x 3 + x 2 - x +1).
h) (x + y)(x + y-l)(x + y + l).
1A. Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x3+2x; b) 3x - 6y;
c) 5(x + 3y)- 15x(x + 3y); d) 3(x-y)- 5x(y-x).
1B. Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 4x2 - 6x; b) x3y - 2x2y2 + 5xy;
c) 2x2(x +1) + 4x(x +1); d) 2 x(y - 1) - 2
y(1 - y).
5 5
2A. Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử: a) 2(x -1)3 - 5(x -1)2 - (x - 1);
b) x(y - x)3 - y(x - y)2 + xy(x - y);
c) xy(x + y)- 2x - 2y;
d) x(x + y)2 - y(x + y)2 + y2 (x - y).
2B. Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử: a) 4(2-x)2 + xy - 2y;
b) x(x- y)3 - y(y - x)2 - y2(x - y);
c) x2y-xy2 - 3x + 3y;
d) x(x + y)2 - y(x + y) 2 + xy - x 2 .
1A:
a: \(x^3+2x=x\left(x^2+2\right)\)
b: \(3x-6y=3\left(x-2y\right)\)
c: \(5\left(x+3y\right)-15x\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(=5\left(x+3y\right)\left(1-3x\right)\)
d: \(3\left(x-y\right)-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(5x+3\right)\)
1A. a. x(x2+2)
b. 3(x-2y)
c. 5(x+3y)(1-3x)
d. (x-y) (3-5x)
1B. a. 2x(2x-3)
b.xy(x2-2xy+5)
c. 2x(x+1)(x+2)
d. 2x(y-1)+2y(y-1)=2(y-1)(x-y)
1B:
a: \(4x^2-6x=2x\left(2x-3\right)\)
b: \(x^3y-2x^2y^2+5xy\)
\(=xy\left(x^2-2xy+5\right)\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a/ x( 3- x) – x + 3 b/ 3x2 – 5x – 3xy + 5y c/ x2 – xy – 10x + 10y
d/ 2xy+ x2 + y2 - 16 e/ x2 – y2 – 4x – 4y f/ 9 – 4x2 + 4xy – y2
g/ y3 – 2xy2 + x2y h/ x3 – 3x2 – 4x + 12 i/ x( x- y) + x2 – y2
a: \(=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b: \(=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
=(x-y)(3x-5)
c: \(=x\left(x-y\right)-10\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-10\right)\)
a) \(=x\left(3-x\right)+\left(3-x\right)=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b) \(=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
c) \(=x\left(x-y\right)-10\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-10\right)\)
d) \(=\left(x+y\right)^2-16=\left(x+y-4\right)\left(x+y+4\right)\)
e) \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-4\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-4\right)\)
f) \(=9-\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=9-\left(2x-y\right)^2=\left(3-2x+y\right)\left(3+2x-y\right)\)
g) \(=y\left(y^2-2xy+x^2-y\right)\)
h) \(=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
i) \(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)