a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Đặt:n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo đề ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=24,2\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x=0,2 ; y=0,2

\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{24,2}.100=53,72\%;\%m_{Fe}=46,28\%\)

b)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2,5}=0,32\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{ZnCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(CM_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)

\(CM_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)

a)

Gọi $n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 65a + 27b = 11,9(1)$

$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1; b = 0,2

$m_{Zn} = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)$

$m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)$

b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,8.36,5}{125}.100\% = 23,36\%$

\(4.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.15.....0.3....................0.15\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.5}=0.6\left(M\right)\)

\(5.\)

\(Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=8.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.25\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=b=0.1\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{5.6}{8.3}\cdot100\%=67.47\%\)

\(\%Al=32.53\%\)

Câu 1 

\(3Cl_2+2Fe\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

Câu 2

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi x và y lần lượt là số mol Fe và Mg

Bảo toàn e ta có \(2x+2y=2.0,25\) (1) 

\(m_{hh}=56x+24y=10,16\left(g\right)\) (2) 

Từ (1) và (2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,13\\y=0,12\end{matrix}\right.\)

a. \(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,13.56}{10,16}.100\%=71,65\%\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=100\%-71,65\%=28,35\%\)

b. Ta có \(n_{HCl}=n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)

Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2

0,05---0,1--------------0,05

FeO+2HCl->Fecl2+H2

0,1------0,2

n H2=\(\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}\)=0,05 mol

n HCl=1.0,3=0,3 mol
=>m Fe=0,05.56=2,8g

=>n FeO=0,1.72=7,2g

=>m =2,8+7,2=10g

nHCl = 0,3 . 1 = 0,3 (mol)

nH2 = 1,12/22,4 = 0,05 (mol)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

Mol: 0,05 <--- 0,1 <--- 0,05 <--- 0,05

nHCl (FeO) = 0,3 - 0,1 = 0,2 (mol)

PTHH: FeO + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

Mol: 0,1 <--- 0,2

m = 0,05 . 56 + 0,1 . 72 = 10 (g)

\(a,\) Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Al}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+27y=22(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,2(mol)\\ y=0,4(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{22}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\% \end{cases} \)

\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=0,4+1,2=1,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6.36,5}{3,7\%}=1578,38\%\)