Tham khảo 

-Ta có:MCu(OH)2=64+16×2+1×2=98g/mol-Trong 1 mol phân tử hợp chất có:1 mol nguyên tử Cu=>Cu=1×64=64g2 mol nguyên tử O=>O=2×16=32g2 mol nguyên tử H=>2×1=2gThành phần % về khối lượng của các nguyên tố:%mCu=(64/98)×100=65,31%%mO=(32/98)×100=32,65%%mH=(2/98)×100=2,04%-Ta có:MFe2(SO4)3=56×2+32×3+16×4×3=400g/mol-Trong 1 mol phân tử hợp chất có:2 mol nguyên tử Fe=>Fe=2×56=112g4 mol nguyên tử S=>S=32×4=128g12 mol nguyên tử O=>O=12×16=192gThành phần % về khối lượng của các nguyên tố:%mFe=(112/400)×100=28%%mS=(128/98)×100=32%%mO=(192/98)×100=48%   

Bài 1:

\(1,M_{MgCO_3}=84(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{84}.100\%=28,57\%\\ \%_{C}=\dfrac{12}{84}.100\%=14,29\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\)

\(2,M_{Al(OH)_3}=78(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=31,62\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{3}{78}.100\%=3,85\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-31,62\%-3,85\%=64,53\% \end{cases}\)

\(3,M_{(NH_4)_2HPO_4}=132(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{N}=\dfrac{28}{132}.100\%=21,21\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{9}{132}.100\%=6,82\%\\ \%_{P}=\dfrac{31}{132}.100\%=23,48\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-23,48\%-6,82\%-21,21\%48,49\% \end{cases}\)

\(4,M_{C_2H_5COOCH_3}=88(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{C}=\dfrac{48}{88}.100\%=54,55\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{8}{88}.100\%=9,09\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-9,09\%-54,55\%=36,36\% \end{cases}\)

Bài 2:

\(c,\%_{Al(AlCl_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+35,5.3}.100\%=20,22\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2O_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Al(AlBr_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+80.3}.100\%=10,11\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2S_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+32.3}.100\%=36\%\)

Vậy \(Al_2O_3\) có \(\%Al\) cao nhất và \(AlBr_3\) có \(\%Al\) nhỏ nhất

Bài 2:

\(a,\%_{Fe(FeO)}=\dfrac{56}{56+16}.100\%=77,78\%\\ \%_{Fe(Fe_2O_3)}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=70\%\\ \%_{Fe(FeS)}=\dfrac{56}{56+32}.100\%=63,64\%\\ \%_{Fe(FeS_2)}=\dfrac{56}{56+32.2}=46,67\%\)

Vậy \(FeO\) có \(\%Fe\) lớn nhất và \(FeS_2\) có \(\%Fe\) thấp nhất

\(b,\%_{O(NO_2)}=\dfrac{16}{16.2+14}.100\%=69,57\%\\ \%_{O(NO)}=\dfrac{16}{16+14}.100\%=53,33\%\\ \%_{O(N_2O)}=\dfrac{16}{14.2+16}.100\%=36,36\%\\ \%_{O(N_2O_3)}=\dfrac{16.3}{14.2+16.3}.100\%=63,16\%\)

Vậy \(NO_2\) có \(\%O\) lớn nhất và \(N_2O\) có \(\%O\) nhỏ nhất

\(M_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=400\left(g\text{/}mol\right)\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56\cdot2}{400}\cdot100\%=28\%\)

\(\%S=\dfrac{32\cdot3}{400}\cdot100\%=24\%\)

\(\%O=100-28-24=48\%\)

\(\%m_O=\dfrac{16.12}{400}.100\%=48\%\)

M_Fe2(SO4)3 = 56 x 2 + 32 x 3 + 16 x 12 = 400 (g/mol)

=> %Fe=56.2400.100%=28%%Fe=56.2400.100%=28%

 

\(a,\%H=\dfrac{1}{63}.100\%=1,6\%\\\%N=\dfrac{14}{63}.100\%=22,2\%\\ \%O=100\%-1,6\%-22,2\%=76,2\%\\b,\%Al=\dfrac{54}{342}.100\%=15,8\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{96}{342}.100\%=28,1\%\\ \%O=100\%-15,8\%-28,1\%=56,1\% \%b,b,15,8\%\\ \)

a) \(M_{NH_4}=14+1.4=18\left(DvC\right)\\ \%N=\dfrac{14}{18}.100\%=78\%\\ \%H=\dfrac{1.4}{18}.100\%=22\%\)

\(M_{OH}=16+1=17\left(DvC\right)\\ \%O=\dfrac{16}{17}.100\%=94\%\\ \%H=100\%-94\%=6\%\)

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2}{160}.100\%=70\%\\\%O=100\%-70\%=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{342}.100\%=15,79\%\\\%S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28,07\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.12}{342}.100\%=56,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)