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\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{5}{2003}+\frac{5}{2004}-\frac{5}{2005}}-\frac{\frac{2}{2002}+\frac{2}{2003}-\frac{2}{2004}}{\frac{3}{2002}+\frac{3}{2003}-\frac{3}{2004}}\)

\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}{5\left(\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}\right)}-\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{2002}+\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}\right)}{3\left(\frac{1}{2002}+\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}\right)}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{3-10}{15}=\frac{-7}{15}\)

\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{5}{2003}+\frac{5}{2004}-\frac{5}{2005}}-\frac{\frac{2}{2002}+\frac{2}{2003}-\frac{2}{2004}}{\frac{3}{2002}+\frac{3}{2003}-\frac{3}{2004}}\)

\(=\frac{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}{5\left(\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}\right)}-\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{2002}+\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}\right)}{3\left(\frac{1}{2002}+\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{2}{3}=-\frac{7}{15}\)

Ta có:

\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{5}{2003}+\frac{5}{2004}-\frac{5}{2005}}-\frac{\frac{2}{2002}+\frac{2}{2003}-\frac{2}{2004}}{\frac{3}{2002}+\frac{3}{2003}-\frac{3}{2004}}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}{\frac{1}{2003}+\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}}\right)-\frac{2}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2002}+\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}}{\frac{1}{2002}+\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}}\right)\)

\(P=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{2}{3}=-\frac{7}{15}\)

\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\left(n+1\right)n}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)

\(P=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}\)

\(\Rightarrow P< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2004}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}}\right)< 2.1=2\)

Lời giải:
Xét số hạng tổng quát \(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}\):

\(\frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{(n+1)-n}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})}{\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n(n+1)}}\)

\(< \frac{(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})}{\frac{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}{2}.\sqrt{n(n+1)}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{(n+1)\sqrt{n}}< 2.\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n(n+1)}}=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)

Cho $n=1,2,....,2004$

\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2004}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}}\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2005\sqrt{2004}}< 2(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2005}})< 2\) (đpcm)