\(a.\)

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x+y}{2+5}=\dfrac{-14}{7}=-2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(-2\right)\cdot2=-4\\y=\left(-2\right)\cdot5=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b.\)

\(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x-y}{7-5}=\dfrac{8}{2}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\cdot7=28\\y=5\cdot4=20\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x+y}{3+5}=\dfrac{16}{8}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=10\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,x:2=y:\left(-5\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{-5}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{-5}=\dfrac{x-y}{2-\left(-5\right)}=\dfrac{-7}{7}=-1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\dfrac{12}{5}=\dfrac{x}{1,5}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{12\cdot1,5}{5}=3,6\\ b,\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{3}{20}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{5\cdot3}{20}=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ c,\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{10}{9}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4\cdot9}{10}=\dfrac{18}{5}\\ d,\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{60}{x}\Rightarrow x^2=60\cdot15=900\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=30\\x=-30\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\)

a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{3+5-6}=\dfrac{8}{2}=4\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=20\\z=24\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{3-5+6}=\dfrac{-4}{4}=-1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=-5\\z=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{2y}{10}=\dfrac{3z}{18}=\dfrac{x-2y+3z}{3-10+18}=\dfrac{-33}{11}=-3\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-9\\y=-15\\z=-18\end{matrix}\right.\)

d, Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}=k\Rightarrow x=3k;y=5k;z=6k\)

\(x^2-4y^2+2z^2=-475\\ \Rightarrow9k^2-100k^2+72z^2=-475\\ \Rightarrow-19k^2=-475\\ \Rightarrow k^2=25\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}k=5\\k=-5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=15;y=25;z=30\\x=-15;y=-25;z=-30\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2: 

a: =>x=0 hoặc x+3=0

=>x=0 hoặc x=-3

b: =>x-2=0 hoặc 5-x=0

=>x=2 hoặc x=5

c: =>x-1=0

hay x=1

a) Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{x-y}{7-6}=\dfrac{80}{1}=80\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{7}=80\Rightarrow x=80\cdot7=560\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{6}=80\Rightarrow y=80\cdot6=480\)

b) Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có::

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{x+y}{4+7}=\dfrac{12}{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{12}{11}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4\cdot12}{11}=\dfrac{48}{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{12}{11}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{7\cdot12}{11}=\dfrac{84}{11}\)

Mình làm mẫu 2 câu thôi nhé

1:

a: Vì \(\dfrac{-4}{3}=\dfrac{-4\cdot3}{3\cdot3}=\dfrac{-12}{9}=\dfrac{12}{9}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{-4}{3}=\dfrac{12}{9}\)

b: Vì : \(-2\cdot3=-6\\ -6\cdot8=-48\)

nên 2 p/s ko bằng nhau 

\(a,\text{Vì }x,y\in N\Leftrightarrow x+2\ge2;y+3\ge3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(y+3\right)=6=2\cdot3=3\cdot2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2=2\\y+3=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;0\right)\)

\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(y+1\right)=7\cdot1=1\cdot7\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=7\\y+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=1\\y+1=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(10;0\right);\left(4;6\right)\right\}\)