Xét \(f\left[f\left(x\right)+x\right]=\left[f\left(x\right)+x\right]^2+m\left[f\left(x\right)+x\right]+n\)

\(=\left(x^2+mx+n+x\right)^2+m\left(x^2+mx+n+x\right)+n\)

\(=\left(x^2+mx+n\right)^2+2x\left(x^2+mx+n\right)+x^2+m\left(x^2+mx+n\right)+mx+n\)

\(=\left(x^2+mx+n\right)^2+2x\left(x^2+mx+n\right)+m\left(x^2+mx+n\right)+\left(x^2+mx+n\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+mx+n\right)\left(x^2+mx+n+2x+m+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+mx+n\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+m\left(x+1\right)+n\right]\)

\(=f\left(x\right).f\left(x+1\right)\)

Thay \(x=2021\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left[f\left(2021\right)+2021\right]=f\left(2021\right).f\left(2022\right)\)

Đặt \(f\left(2021\right)+2021=k\)

Do \(f\left(x\right)\) có hệ số m;n nguyên \(\Rightarrow k\) nguyên

\(\Rightarrow f\left(k\right)=f\left(2021\right).f\left(2022\right)\) với k nguyên 

Hay tồn tại số nguyên k thỏa mãn yêu cầu

Lời giải:

\(f(1)=f(-1)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a_4+a_3+a_2+a_1+a_0=a_4-a_3+a_2-a_1+a_0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 2(a_3+a_1)=0\Leftrightarrow a_3+a_1=0(1)\)

\(f(2)=f(-2)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 16a_4+8a_3+4a_2+2a_1+a_0=16a_4-8a_3+4a_2-2a_1+a_0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 16a_3+4a_1=0\Leftrightarrow 4a_3+a_1=0(2)\)

Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow a_3=a_1=0\)

Do đó:
\(f(x)=a_4x^4+a_2x^2+a_0\)

\(\Rightarrow f(-x)=a_4(-x)^4+a_2(-x)^2+a_0=a_4x^4+a_2x^2+a_0\)

Vậy $f(x)=f(-x)$.

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)+1}{x-2}\) hữu hạn \(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)+1=0\) có nghiệm \(x=2\Rightarrow f\left(2\right)=-1\)

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\sqrt{f\left(x\right)+2x+1}-x}{x^2-4}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{f\left(x\right)+2x+1}+x}.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{f\left(x\right)+2x+1}-x\right)\left(\sqrt{f\left(x\right)+2x+1}+x\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(\sqrt{f\left(x\right)+2x+1}+x\right)}.\dfrac{f\left(x\right)+1-x\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}\)

\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(\sqrt{f\left(x\right)+2x+1}+x\right)}.\left(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)+1}{x-2}-\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4\left(\sqrt{4}+2\right)}.\left(a-2\right)=\dfrac{a-2}{16}\)

em chưa cho đa thức f(x) và g(x) nà

a: \(\dfrac{f\left(x\right)}{g\left(x\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4-9x^3+21x^2+ax+b}{x^2-x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4-x^3-x^2-8x^3+8x^2+8x+14x^2-14x-14+\left(a+6\right)x+b+14}{x^2-x-1}\)

\(=x^2-8x+14+\dfrac{\left(a+6\right)x+b+14}{x^2-x-1}\)

Để f(x) chia hết cho g(x) thì a+6=0 và b+14=0

=>a=-6 và b=-14

b: \(\dfrac{f\left(x\right)}{g\left(x\right)}=\dfrac{x^4-x^3+5x^2+x^2-x+5+a-5}{x^2-x+5}\)

\(=x^2+1+\dfrac{a-5}{x^2-x+5}\)

Để f(x) chia hết g(x) thì a-5=0

=>a=5