x 4 - 2 x 3 - 2 x 2 - 2 x - 3 =   ( x 4   −   1 )   −   ( 2 x 3   +   2 x 2 )   −   ( 2 x   +   2 ) =   ( x 2   +   1   ) ( x 2   −   1 )   −   2 x 2 ( x   +   1 )   − 2 ( x   +   1 ) =   ( x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   1 ) ( x   +   1 )   −   2 x 2 ( x   +   1 )   − 2 ( x   +   1 ) =   ( x   +   1 ) ( x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   1 )   −   2 x 2   –   2 =   ( x   +   1 ) (   x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   1 )   −   2 ( x 2   +   1 ) =   ( x   +   1 ) (   x 2   +   1 ) ( x   –   1   −   2 ) =   ( x   +   1 ) (   x 2   +   1 ) ( x   −   3 )

x^4 - 2x^3 - 2x^2 - 2x - 3 

= x^4 - 1 - 2x^3 - 2x^2 - 2x -2 

= ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2x^2 ( x + 1 ) - 2 ( x + 1 ) 

= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2x^2 - 2 ] 

= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 - 2 ( x^2 - 1 ) ] 

= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2 ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ] 

= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) [ ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2 ( x +1 ) 

= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 +1 - 2x - 2 ) 

= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 - 2x - 1 ) 

x⁴ - 2x³ + 2x - 1

= (x⁴ - 1) - (2x³ - 2x)

= (x² - 1)(x² + 1) - 2x(x² - 1)

= (x² - 1)(x² + 1 - 2x)

= (x - 1)(x + 1)(x² - 2x + 1)

= (x - 1)(x + 1)(x - 1)²

= (x - 1)³(x + 1)

a) \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)

b) \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1+2x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

c) \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27=x^3-3x^2-x^2+3x+9x-27=x^2\left(x-3\right)-x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)

d) \(a^6-a^4+2a^3+2a^2=a^2\left(a^4-a^2+2a+2\right)=a^2\left[a^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+2\left(a+1\right)\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left(a^3-a^2+2\right)=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left[a^3+a^2-2a^2+2\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)\left[a^2\left(a+1\right)-2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\right]=a^2\left(a+1\right)^2\left(a^2-2a+2\right)\)

a) Ta có: \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y\)

\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1\)

\(=\left(x^3+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

d) Ta có: \(a^6-a^4+2a^3+2a^2\)

\(=a^2\left(a^4-a^2+2a+2\right)\)

\(=a^2\left[a^2\left(a^2-1\right)+\left(2a+2\right)\right]\)

\(=a^2\left[a^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+2\left(a+1\right)\right]\)

\(=a^2\cdot\left(a+1\right)\left(a^3-a+2\right)\)

c) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)

\(=\left(x^3-27\right)-\left(4x^2-12x\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-4x\left(x-3\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)

e) Ta có: \(x^4-2x^3+2x-1\)

\(=\left(x^4-1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-1\right)^3\)

h) Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)

a) Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\)

\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

c) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)

\(=x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)\)

\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

d) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3+2x-1\)

\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+2x\left(x^2+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+2x-1\right)\)

x⁴ - 2x³-2x² -2x -3

=(x⁴+x³)-(3x³+3x²)+(x²+x)-(3x+3)

=x³(x+1)-3x²(x+1)+x(x+1)-3(x+1)

= (x³-3x²+x-3)(x+1)

= ((x³-3x²)+(x-3))(x+1)

= (x²(x-3)+(x-3))(x+1)

=(x²+1)(x-3)(x+1)

a) (x - y)(x + y + 3).                    b) (x + y - 2xy)(2 + y + 2xy).

c) x 2 (x + l)( x 3  -  x 2  + 2).              d) (x – 1 - y)[ ( x   -   1 ) 2   +   ( x   -   1 ) y   +   y 2 ].

a/ $=x^2(x^2+2x+1)-y^2\\=[x(x+1)]^2-y^2\\=[x(x+1)-y][x(x+1)+y]\\=(x^2+x-y)(x^2+x+y)$

b/ $=(x^3-8)+(x^2-2x)\\=(x-2)(x^2+2x+4)+x(x-2)\\=(x-2)(x^2+2x+5)$

\(x^4+2x^3+x^2-y^2=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\\ =\left[x\left(x+1\right)-y\right]\left[x\left(x+1\right)+y\right]\\ =\left(x^2+x-y\right)\left(x^2+x+y\right)\\ x^3+x^2-2x-8=x^3-2x^2+3x^2-6x+4x-8\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x-4\right)\)

ủa mũ hay để nguyên z?? 

hđt =x^2(x+1)^2(x^2-2x+2)

x⁶ - x⁴ + 2x³ + 2x²

= x²(x⁴ - x² + 2x + 2)

= x²[(x⁴ - x²) + (2x + 2)]

= x²[x²(x² - 1) +2(x + 1)]

= x²[x²(x - 1)(x + 1) + 2(x + 1)]

= x²(x + 1)[x²(x - 1) + 2]

= x²(x + 1)(x³ - x² + 2)

= x²(x + 1)(x³ + x² - 2x² - 2x + 2x + 2)

= x²(x + 1)[(x³ + x²) - (2x² + 2x) + (2x + 2)]

= x²(x + 1)[x²(x + 1) - 2x(x + 1) + 2(x + 1)]

= x²(x + 1)²(x² - 2x + 2)

Ta có:

\(\left(x^4+2x^3-x-2\right)+\left(4x^2+4x+4\right)\)

\(=\left[\left(x^4+2x^3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\right]+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

\(=\left[x^3\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\right]+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)+4\right]\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)\)