PTHH: \(2Na+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2\uparrow\)  (1)

            \(Na_2SO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2NaOH+BaSO_4\downarrow\)  (2)

            \(2NaOH+MgCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)  (3)

            \(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)  (4)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{60\cdot14,25\%}{208}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{30\cdot19\%}{95}=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\) PT (2) p/ứ hết; PT (3) có MgCl₂ dư 0,01 mol  

\(\Rightarrow n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{rắn}=m_{MgO}+m_{BaSO_4}=0,05\cdot\left(40+233\right)=13,65\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,1\cdot58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot98}{4,9\%}=100\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\cdot58=2,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}+m_{ddBaCl_2}+m_{ddMgCl_2}-m_{BaSO_4}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=177,75\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{177,75}\cdot100\%\approx3,29\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,01\cdot95}{177,75}\cdot100\%\approx0,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\) 

a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)

\(\begin{cases} m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{150.20\%}{100\%}=30(g)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{80.59,375\%}{100\%}=47,5(g) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{30}{40}=0,75(mol)\\ n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{47,5}{95}=0,5(mol) \end{cases}\\ PTHH:2NaOH+MgCl_2\to Mg(OH)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\\ \text {Vì }\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}<\dfrac{n_{MgCl_2}}{1} \text {nên }MgCl_2 \text { dư}\\ a,n_{Mg(OH)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,375(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg(OH)_2}=0,375.58=21,75(g)\\ b,n_{NaCl}=m_{NaOH}=0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{NaCl}}=0,75.58,5=43,875(g)\\ m_{dd_{NaCl}}=150+80-21,75=208,25(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{43,875}{208,25}.100\%\approx 21,07\%\)

bài 1

\(n_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{100.13,8\%}{138.100\%}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{120.9,5\%}{95.100\%}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(K_2CO_3+MgCl_2-->MgCO_3\downarrow+2KCl\)

\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,12}{1}\Rightarrow\) K2CO3 hết MgCl2 dư

\(m_{MgCO_3}=0,1.84=8,4\left(g\right)\)

dd A :KCl và MgCl2 dư

\(m_{dd}=100+120-8,4=211,6\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%KCl=\dfrac{0,2.74,5}{211,6}.100\%\approx7,04\%\)

\(C\%MgCl_{2dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,12-0,1\right).95}{211,6}.100\%\approx0,9\%\)

bài 2

a) \(2X+nCl_2-->2XCl_n\)

a.......................................a

\(aX=6,72\left(1\right)\)

\(a\left(X+35,5n\right)=33,375\left(2\right)\)

\(\dfrac{\left(1\right)}{\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{aX}{a\left(X+35,5n\right)}=\dfrac{X}{X+35,5n}=\dfrac{6,72}{33,375}\)

\(\Rightarrow7,14n=0,78X\)

nếu n=1=>X=9,15(loại)

nếu n=2=>X=18,3(loại

nếu n=3=>X=27(chọn)

=> X là Al

b)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(2Al+3CuSO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Cu\)

\(2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O-->2NaAlO_2+3H_2\uparrow\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

0,2     0,4            0,2        0,2 

\(a,V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(b,m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{10}=146\left(g\right)\)

\(c,m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddMgCl_2}=4,8+146-\left(0,2.2\right)=150,4\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{150,4}.100\%\approx12,63\%\)

2. 

\(n_K=\dfrac{7,8}{39}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\uparrow\)

0,2                     0,2         0,1 

\(m_{KOH}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddKOH}=7,8+100-\left(0,1.2\right)=107,6\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{11,2}{107,6}.100\%\approx10,4\%\)

Đáp án B

Lấy 1 mol Fe và x mol Mg

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)

        1           2              1           1

        0,2       0,4           0,2         0,2

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

Câu b : hình như đề bị sai bạn xem lại giúp mình

c) \(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

n\(_{H2}\)=\(\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)MgCl₂ + H₂

_{0,2  \(\rightarrow\)   0,4  \(\rightarrow\)  0,2   \(\rightarrow\) 0,2}              

a) VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 

              =4,48 (l )

c) m_MgCl2 = n.M = 0,2.95 = 19 (g)

Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)

c, PT: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}\approx382,78\left(ml\right)\)