Bài 1:

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)

Bài 12:

Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:

\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Cl}=n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=1.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{muối}=m_{kl}+m_{Cl}=20.8+1.2\cdot35.5=63.4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> n_HCl = 0,8 (mol)

Theo ĐLBTKL: m_{kim loại} + m_HCl = m_muối + m_H2

=> m_muối = 15 + 0,8.36,5 - 0,4.2 = 43,4 (g)

Coi hỗn hợp X gồm R ( có hoá trị n - a mol) và Fe (b mol)

$\Rightarrow Ra + 56b = 6$

$2R + 2nHCl \to 2RCl_n + nH_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 0,5an + b = \dfrac{1,85925}{22,4} = 0,083(mol)(1)$

$2R + nCl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2RCl_n$

$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$

$m_{Cl_2} = m_{muối} - m_X = 12,39 - 6 = 6,39(gam)$
$n_{Cl_2} = 0,5an + 1,5b = 0,09(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : an = 0,138 ; b = 0,014

$\%m_{Fe} = a\% = \dfrac{0,014.56}{6}.100\% = 13,07\%$

\(n_{H_2}\) lẻ quá có sai đề k bn ? 

Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2

a..............................a(mol)

Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2

b............................b(mol)

=>nCu=3,2/64=0,05mol

=>%mCu=(3,2.100%)/11,2=28,6%

\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=11,2-3,2\\a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>mMg=24.0,1=2,4g=>%Mg=(2,4.100%)/11,2=21,4%

=>%Fe=100%-21,4%-28,6%=50%

b, MgCl2+2NaOH->Mg(OH)2+2NaCL

FeCl2+2NaOH->Fe(OH)2+2NaCl

=>m(kết tủa)=mMg(OH)2+mFe(OH)2

=0,1(58+90)=14,8g

a) mCu= m(k tan)= 3,2(g)

=> m(Mg, Fe)= 11,2- 3,2=8(g)

nH2= 4,48/22,4=0,2(mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

a______________2a__a______a(mol)

Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

b____2b_____b_____b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=8\\a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=24.0,1=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56.0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> %mMg= (2,4/11,2).100=21,429%

%mFe= (5,6/11,2).100=50%

=>%mCu= (3,2/11,2).100=28,571%

b/ MgCl2 + 2 NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + 2 NaCl

0,1___________________0,1(mol)

FeCl2 + 2 NaOH -> Fe(OH)2 +2 NaCl

0,1__________________0,1(mol)

m(kt)=mMg(OH)2 + mFe(OH)2= 58.0,1+ 90.0,1= 14,8(g)

nH2=0,5(mol)nH2=0,5(mol)

$Mg+2HCl-->MgC{}^{}+{}^{}\uparrow$

x..........2x.........................x..............x

$Fe+2HCl-->FeC{}^{}+{}^{}\uparrow$

y........2y....................y....................y

{24x+56y=20x+y=0,5⇒{x=0,25y=0,25{24x+56y=20x+y=0,5⇒{x=0,25y=0,25

mmuoi=mMgCl2+