\(P=2a+3b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}=a+2b+\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(b+\frac{4}{b}\right)\)

   \(\ge5+2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{4}{b}}=5+2+4=11\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>  \(a=1;\)\(b=2\)

Vậy MIN P = 11  Khi a = 1;   b = 2

Bài này là BĐT cosi

\(P=2a+3b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}\)

\(P=a+2b+\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(b+\frac{4}{b}\right)\)

\(P\ge5+2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{4}{b}}=5+2+4=11\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 1/a <=> a = 1 ; b = 4/b <=> b = 2

Tại sao lại >= 5 ± √a.1/a vậy

\(A=a+b+c+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\\ A=\left(\dfrac{3a}{4}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{4}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{3c}{4}\right)\\ A=\left(\dfrac{3a}{4}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+2b+3c\right)\\ A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3a}{4}\cdot\dfrac{3}{a}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{2}\cdot\dfrac{9}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{c}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot20\\ A\ge3+3+2+5=13\\ A_{min}=13\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\\c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Hi vọng là tìm GTLN:

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử b, c cùng phía với 1 \(\Rightarrow\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow bc\ge b+c-1\).

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có: 

\(4=a^2+b^2+c^2+abc\ge a^2+2bc+abc\Leftrightarrow2bc+abc\le4-a^2\Leftrightarrow bc\left(a+2\right)\le\left(2-a\right)\left(a+2\right)\Leftrightarrow bc+a\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\).

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Schwarz ta có:

\(P\le\dfrac{ab}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)+\dfrac{bc}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)+\dfrac{ca}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}.3\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\le1\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.

Ta có: P= \(2a+3b+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}\) = \(\text{​​}\text{​​}(\dfrac{1}{a}+a)+\left(\dfrac{4}{b}+b\right)+\left(a+2b\right)\)

Ta thấy: \(\text{​​}\text{​​}(\dfrac{1}{a}+a)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot a}=2\)

             \(\text{​​}\text{​​}\left(\dfrac{4}{b}+b\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{b}\cdot b}=4\)

Do đó: P \(\ge2+4+5=11\)

Vậy: P(min)=11  khi:  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}=a\\\dfrac{4}{b}=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right..\)

Ta có:

Xét hàm số

 Hàm số f t  đồng biến trên 0 ; + ∞

 ta có:

Chọn: D

Đáp án B

Ta có: log 5 4 a + 2 b + 5 a + b = a + 3 b − 4  

⇔ log 5 4 a + 2 b + 5 + 4 a + 2 b + 5 = log 5 5 a + 5 b + 5 a + 5 b  

Xét hàm số f t = log 5 t + t t > 0 ⇒ f t  đồng biến trên 0 ; + ∞  

Do đó f 4 a + 2 b + 5 = f 5 a + 5 b ⇔ 4 a + 2 b + 5 = 5 a + 5 b  

⇔ a + 3 b = 5 ⇒ T = 5 − 3 b 2 + b 2 = 10 b 2 − 30 b + 25 = 10 b − 3 2 2 + 5 2 ≥ 5 2

Ta có : \(P=\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2c-1}{2017+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow P+3=\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+1+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+1+\frac{3a+3b+2c-1}{2017+c}+1\)

\(=\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2017+c}\)

\(=\left(3a+3b+3c+2016\right)\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\)

\(=4.2016\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\) \(\left(a+b+c=2016\right)\)

\(=8064.\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\)

Vì a ; b ; c dương , áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\), ta có :

\(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\ge\frac{9}{2015+2016+2017+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{8064}\)

\(\Rightarrow P+3\ge8064.\frac{9}{8064}=9\) \(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2015+a=2016+b=2017+c\\a+b+c=2016\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+1=c+2\\a+b+c=2016\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=673;b=672;c=671\)

Vậy ...