\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

a

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

0,02<------0,04----->0,02

Xét \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,04}{2}\Rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2.dư\)

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)

b

Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn phải thêm dung dịch HCl 0,2 M

\(n_{HCl.cần}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{cần.\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)=280\left(ml\right)\\ V_{cần.thêm\left(HCl\right)}=280-200=80\left(ml\right)\)

c

\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,3+0,28}=\dfrac{1}{29}M\)

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

  0,02<----0,04------>0,02

a

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)

b

Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn thì phải thêm dd HCl 0,2M.

\(n_{HCl.cần}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\\ V_{HCl.cần.}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)\\ V_{HCl.cần.thêm}=2,8-0,2=2,6\left(l\right)=260\left(ml\right)\)

c

\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3+2,8}=\dfrac{3}{31}M\)

a. \(n_{CO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right);n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,008\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,016\\ Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,02}=0,8\Rightarrow ChỉtạoCa\left(HCO_3\right)_2,CO_2dư\\ 2CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2+H_2O\\ n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,016\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,4}=0,04M\)

\(b.n_{SO_2}=0,18\left(mol\right);n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,18}=2,22\Rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right) _2dư\\ SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}=0,2-0,18=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1M\)

nHCl = 0,2 *1=0,2 mol

Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + 2H2O

 0,1                 0,2                              mol

VCa(OH)2=0,1*22,4=2,24 l

V ddCa(OH)2= 0,1 / 2 =0,05lít =50ml dd

2HCl + Ca(OH)₂ \(\rightarrow\) CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

nHCl = 0,2.1 = 0,2 mol

Theo pt: nCa(OH)₂ = 0,5nHCl = 0,1 mol

=> \(V_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1:2=0,05\) (l)

Theo pt: nCaCl₂ = nCa(OH)₂ = 0,1 mol 

C_M CaCl₂ = 0,1 : (0,2+0,05) = 0,4M

\(200ml=0,2l\)

\(n_{HCL}=C_M.V_{dd}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2HCL+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCL_2+2H_2O\)

\(\left(mol\right).....0,2\rightarrow.....0,1.....0,2\)

\(V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=V_{ddHCL}+V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2+0,5=0,25\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{CaCL_2}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{H^+}=0,2.\left(0,02+0,01.2\right)=0,008\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{OH^-}=0,3.2.0,04=0,024\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{OH^-dư}=0,3.2.0,04=0,016\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[OH^-_{dư}\right]=\dfrac{0,016}{0,5}=0,032M\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=3,125.10^{-13}M\)

\(\Rightarrow pH\approx12,5\)

Bài 1: nH2SO4=0.06 mol; nHNO3=0.2 mol

nCa(OH)2=3a.0,4=1.2a(mol)

nNaOH=0,4.2a= 0.8a (mol)

Quy đổi hỗn hợp về HNO3 => nHNO3=0.2+0.06.2=0.32mol

PTHH: 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 ----> Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O

Mol 2,4a 1,2a

HNO3+ NaOH -----> NaNO3 + H2O

0,8a 0,8a

=> 2,4a + 0,8a=0.32 => a = 0.1 (mol)

\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

0,2------->0,1--------->0,1

Xét \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,45}{1}\Rightarrow\) \(H_2SO_4\)dư

Trong dung dịch D có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45-0,1=0,35\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,5}=0,7M\\CM_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)

b

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+2H_2O\)

0,35<---------0,35

\(V_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,35.74}{1,2}=\dfrac{259}{12}\approx21,58\left(ml\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd.Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{259}{12}.100\%}{10\%}=\dfrac{1295}{6}\approx215,83\left(ml\right)\)

Bài 23 : 

n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol) > n Ba(OH)2 = 0,15 mol

- TH1 : Ba(OH)2 dư

$Ba(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O$

n CO2 = n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol)

=> V = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít

- TH1 : BaCO3 bị hòa tan một phần

$Ba(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O(1)$
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2CO_2 \to Ba(HCO_3)_2(2)$

n CO2(1) = n Ba(OH)2 (1) = n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol)

=> n Ba(OH)2 (2) = 0,15 - 0,1 = 0,05(mol)

=> n CO2 (2) = 2n Ba(OH)2 (2) = 0,1(mol)

=> V = (0,1 + 0,1).22,4 = 4,48 lít

Bài 24 : 

$Ca(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$

n Ca(OH)2 = n CO2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1(mol)

CM Ca(OH)2 = 0,1/0,2 = 0,5M

Bài 27 : 

n CO2 = 0,1(mol)

Ta có : 

 n CO2 /  n Ca(OH)2 = 0,1/0,25 = 0,4 < 1

Do đó, sản phẩm muối gồm CaCO3 do Ca(OH)2 dư

Câu 25 : 

$CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$

$2CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to Ca(HCO_3)_2$

Vì thu được hai muối nên : 

1 < a/b < 2

<=> b < a < 2b

\(a/n_{KOH}=0,3.1=0,3mol\\ 2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3:2=0,15mol\\ m_{K_2SO_4}=0,15.174=26,1g\\ b/C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,3+0,2}=0,3M\)