Lời giải:

Đặt \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{8}=t\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3t\\ y=7t\\ z=8t\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay vào điều kiện đề bài:

\(2x^2+y^2+3z^2=316\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 2(3t)^2+(7t)^2+3(8t)^2=316\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2(2.3^2+7^2+3.8^2)=316\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2.259=316\Rightarrow t=\pm \sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\)

Nếu \(t=\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3t=3\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\\ y=7t=7\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\\ z=8t=8\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu \(t=-\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3t=-3\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\\ y=7t=-7\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\\ z=8t=-8\sqrt{\frac{316}{259}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

P/s: số không được đẹp cho lắm.

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}=\dfrac{x^2}{2^2}=\dfrac{y^2}{3^2}=\dfrac{z^2}{5^2}\rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

`x/2=y/3=z/5=(x-y+z)/(2-3+5)=4/4=1`

`-> x/2=y/3=z/5=1`

`-> x=2*1=2, y=3*1=3, z=5*1=5`

=>x/2=y/3=z/5 và x-y+z=4

Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được:

x/2=y/3=z/5=(x-y+z)/(2-3+5)=4/4=1

=>x=2; y=3; z=5

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{2-3+5}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Rightarrow x=2\)

     \(\dfrac{y}{3}=1\Rightarrow y=3\)

     \(\dfrac{z}{5}=1\Rightarrow z=5\)

 Vậy x =2; y =3; z =5

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=>\dfrac{2x^2}{32}=\dfrac{2y^2}{32}=\dfrac{3z^2}{75}\)

AD t/c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhâu ta có

\(\dfrac{2x^2}{32}=\dfrac{2y^2}{32}=\dfrac{3z^2}{75}=\dfrac{2x^2+2y^2-3z^2}{32+32-75}=\dfrac{-100}{-11}=\dfrac{100}{11}\)

\(=>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{400}{11}\\y=\dfrac{400}{11}\\z=\dfrac{500}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của day tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{3a+b}{3c+d}\)

\(=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{3a+b}{3c+d}=>\dfrac{a}{3a+b}=\dfrac{c}{3c+d}=>\left(đpcm\right)\)

Bài 1:

Ta có:\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{3a+b}{3c+d}\)

(ĐPCM)

b, Ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=x\)

Xét \(x^2=\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)

=>(đpcm)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{10}{9}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{9}\)

               \(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{12}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{10-9+12}=\dfrac{78}{13}=6\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6.10=60\\y=6.9=54\\z=6.12=72\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)Ta có:  \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{9}{7}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{7}\)

               \(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{7}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{9-7+3}=-\dfrac{15}{5}=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3.9=-27\\y=-3.7=-21\\z=-3.3=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{9}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{9+16+9}=\dfrac{200}{34}=\dfrac{100}{17}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=\dfrac{900}{17}\\y^2=\dfrac{1600}{17}\\z^2=\dfrac{900}{17}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\dfrac{30\sqrt{17}}{17}\\y=\pm\dfrac{40\sqrt{17}}{17}\\z=\pm\dfrac{30\sqrt{17}}{17}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy\(\left(x;y;z\right)\in\left\{\left(\dfrac{30\sqrt{17}}{17};\dfrac{40\sqrt{17}}{17};\dfrac{30\sqrt{17}}{17}\right),\left(-\dfrac{30\sqrt{17}}{17};-\dfrac{40\sqrt{17}}{17};-\dfrac{30\sqrt{17}}{17}\right)\right\}\)

\(\dfrac{3x-2y}{4}=\dfrac{2z-4x}{3}=\dfrac{4y-3z}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4\left(3x-2y\right)}{16}=\dfrac{3\left(2z-4x\right)}{9}=\dfrac{2\left(4y-3z\right)}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{12x-8y}{16}=\dfrac{6z-12x}{9}=\dfrac{8y-6z}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{12x-8y}{16}=\dfrac{6z-12x}{9}=\dfrac{8y-6z}{4}=\dfrac{12x-8y+6z-12x+8y-6z}{16+9+4}=\dfrac{0}{16+9+4}=0\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=2y\\2z=4x\\4y=3z\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}\\\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{z}{4}\\\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+3+4}=\dfrac{3}{9}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=3.\dfrac{1}{3}=1\\z=4.\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

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