\(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}-x}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{y-\sqrt{xy}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{y-x}{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)

Lời giải:

\(A=\frac{(x-1)+(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy})}{\sqrt{x}+1}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\\ =\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)+\sqrt{y}(\sqrt{x}+1)}{\sqrt{x}+1}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\\ =\frac{(\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-1+\sqrt{y})}{\sqrt{x}+1}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)

\(A=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)+\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)

\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}:\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}.\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)=x-y\)

\(A=\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{y-\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right):\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{xy}+y}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{xy}-x}-\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)\)

\(=\frac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y-\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}:\frac{x\left(\sqrt{xy}-x\right)\sqrt{xy}+y\left(\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\sqrt{xy}-\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\left(\sqrt{xy}-x\right)}{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{xy}+y\right)\left(\sqrt{xy}-x\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}:\frac{x^2y-x^2\sqrt{xy}+xy^2+y^2\sqrt{xy}-y^2\sqrt{xy}+x^2\sqrt{xy}}{xy^2-x^2y}\)

\(=\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}.\frac{xy^2-x^2y}{xy^2+x^2y}\)

\(=\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}.\frac{xy\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\)

a) \(B=\left(\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}{y-x}\right):\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\left(x,y\ge0;x\ne y\right)\)

\(B=\left[\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3-\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^3}{x-y}\right]:\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y+\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)

\(B=\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\right]:\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)

\(B=\left[\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)-\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right]:\dfrac{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)

\(B=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2-x-\sqrt{xy}-y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)

\(B=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-x-\sqrt{xy}-y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)

\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)

\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)

b) Xét tử: 

\(\sqrt{xy}\ge0\forall x,y\) (xác định) (1) 

Xét mẫu: 

\(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\cdot\sqrt{x}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y\)

Mà: \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{y}\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\) (xác định), còn: \(\dfrac{3}{4}y\ge0\) vì theo đkxđ thì \(y\ge0\) (2) 

Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ B luôn không âm với mọi x,y (\(B\ge0\)) (đpcm) 

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{1}{y-x}+\dfrac{1}{x+2\sqrt{x}\sqrt{y}+y}\right)-2x\) (với \(x\ne y,x,y\ge0\))

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}\right)-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)}\right)-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}\right)-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}:\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\right)-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}\cdot\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{2\sqrt{y}}-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}\cdot\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\cdot2\sqrt{y}}-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}\cdot\left(y-x\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\cdot2\sqrt{y}}-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y-x\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-2x\)

\(P=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y-x\right)-2x\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)

\(P=\dfrac{2y\sqrt{x}-2x\sqrt{x}-2x\sqrt{x}+2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)

\(P=\dfrac{2y\sqrt{x}-4x\sqrt{x}+2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)