a) $Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$

b) $n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{32,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)$

$V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$

c) Sau phản ứng : 

$m_{dd} = m_{Zn} + m_{dd\ HCl} - m_{H_2} = 32,5 + 180 - 0,1.2 = 212,3(gam)$

$C\%_{ZnCl_2} = \dfrac{0,1.136}{212,3}.100\% = 6,4\%$

Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+H2

0,1----0,1-------0,1-----0,1 

n Fe=5,6\56=0,1 mol

=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24l

=>m H2SO4=0,1.98=9,8g

=>C%=9,8\100 .100=9,8%

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{84}{56}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.1,5}{84+300-1,5.2}.100\%=\dfrac{190,5}{381}.100\%=50\%\)

Bài 14 : 

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2             1          1 

      0,15     0,3           0,15     0,15

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,15}=1\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

`a)PTHH:`

  `Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`

`0,02`                       `0,02`    `0,02`        `(mol)`

`n_[Zn]=[1,3]/65=0,02(mol)`

`b)V_[H_2]=0,02.22,4=0,448(l)`

`c)C%_[ZnCl_2]=[0,02.136]/[1,3+50-0,02.2].100~~5,31%`

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,02   0,04         0,02       0,02  ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)

\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02.136}{1,3+50-0,02.2}.100=5,3\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
         0,02                 0,02           0,02 
\(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\\ m_{\text{dd}}=1,3+50-\left(0,02.2\right)=51,26\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02.136}{51,26}.100\%=5,3\%\)

Sửa:

`Zn + H_2 SO_4 -> ZnSO_4 + H_2`

`0,25`     `0,25`                             `0,25`      `(mol)`

`n_[Zn]=[16,25]/65=0,25(mol)`

`a)V_[H_2]=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)`

`b)C_[M_[H_2 SO_4]]=[0,25]/[0,3]~~0,8(M)`

`c)`

`3H_2 + Fe_2 O_3` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `2Fe + 3H_2 O`

`0,25`         `1/12`               `1/6`                          `(mol)`

`n_[Fe_2 O_3]=32/160=0,2(mol)`

Ta có:`[0,25]/3 < [0,2]/1`

   `=>Fe_2 O_3` dư

`=>m_[Fe]=1/6 . 56~~9,3(g)`

`Zn + H_2 SO_4 -> ZnSO_4 + H_2`

`0,25`     `0,25`                             `0,25`      `(mol)`

`n_[Zn]=[16,25]/65=0,25(mol)`

`a)V_[H_2]=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)`

`b)C_[M_[H_2 SO_4]]=[0,25]/[0,3]~~0,8(M)`

`c)`

`H_2 + 3Fe_2 O_3` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `2Fe_3 O_4 + H_2 O`

`1/15`         `0,2`               `2/15`                          `(mol)`

`n_[Fe_2 O_3]=32/160=0,2(mol)`

Ta có:`[0,25]/1 > [0,2]/3`

   `=>H_2` dư

`=>m_[Fe_3 O_4]=2/15 . 232~~30,93(g)`

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{ddsau}=4,8+200-0,2.2=204,4\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{204,4}.100\approx9,295\%\\ d.V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{200}{1,05}=\dfrac{4000}{21}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{4}{21}\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{4}{21}}=2,1\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
           0,4       0,8        0,4           0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)