\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\)

\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow2CuO\)

\(2Zn+O_2\rightarrow2ZnO\)

- Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng :

\(m_{KL}+m_{O_2}=m_{oxit}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=36-26,4=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{o_2}=n.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Cu và Fe.

Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH: 2Cu + O₂ ---t^o---> 2CuO (1)

3Fe + 2O₂ ---t^o---> Fe₃O₄ (2)

Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1}{2}x\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₂₎: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}y\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,3\)

Mà n_Cu = 0,2(mol)

Thay vào, ta được: \(\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,3\)

=> y = 0,3(mol)

=> \(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)

b. \(\%_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{12,8+16,8}.100\%=43,24\%\)

\(\%_{Fe}=100\%-43,24\%=56,76\%\)

Bài 1 :

nFe = 22.4/56=0.4 mol

Fe3O4 + 4H2 -to-> 3Fe + 4H2O

2/15_____8/15______0.4____8/15

VH2 = 8/15*22.4= 11.95 (l)

mH2O = 8/15*18=9.6 g

C1:

mFe3O4 = 2/15*232=30.93 g

C2:

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL :

mFe3O4 + mH2 = mFe + mH2O

m + 16/15 = 22.4 + 9.6

=> m = 30.93 g

Bài 2 :

nMg = 12/24=0.5 mol

nCu = 16/64=0.25 mol

Mg + 1/2O2 -to-> MgO

0.5____0.25_______0.5

Cu + 1/2O2 -to-> CuO

0.25___0.125_____0.25

VO2 = ( 0.25 + 0.125) *22.4 = 8.4 (l)

mMgO = 0.5*40=20 g

mCuO = 0.25*80=20 g

\(2Mg+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2MgO\\ 2Cu+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2CuO\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=x\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=y\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ TheoPT:\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=24\\\dfrac{x}{24}.40=25\%.\left(\dfrac{x}{24}.40+\dfrac{y}{64}.80\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
x.......... 0,5x........x
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
y...........0,5y......y
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Mg, Cu.
Ta có hệ PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+64y=16\\0,5x+0,5y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,24\\y=0,16\end{matrix}\right.\)
a. \(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,24.24=5,76\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,16.64=10,24\left(g\right)\)
b. \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,24.40=9,6\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,16.80=12,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)

Gộp cả phần a và b

Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=0,25mol\\n_{MgO}=0,5mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{O_2}=0,25\cdot22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\m_{MgO}=0,5\cdot40=20\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Mg+O2​to-->2MgO

b,

nMg​=0,5(mol)

nO2=0,25 mol;nMgO=0,5mol

→;nMgO​=0,5(mol)

→VO2​=5,6(l)

Đáp án : D