a: \(C+O_2\rightarrow CO_2\)(ĐK: t độ)

x         x          x

\(S+O_2\rightarrow SO_2\)(ĐK: t độ)

y       y         y

b: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo đề, ta có hệ:

12x+32y=10 và x+y=0,5

=>x=0,3 và y=0,2

\(m_C=0.3\cdot12=3.6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=0.2\cdot32=6.4\left(g\right)\)

c: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=n_S=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{khí}=22.4\left(0.3+0.2\right)=11.2\left(lít\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\)

x       x               x 

\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)

y      y                y

Gọi n C = x 

     n S = y (mol)

Ta có hệ PT :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12x+32y=10\\x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow x=0,3;y=0,2\)

\(m_C=0,3.12=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=0,2.32=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(c,V_{hhk}=\left(0,3+0,2\right).22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)

Bài 14

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1.4}{22,4}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_P=\dfrac{2.5}{31}=0,0806451\left(mol\right)\)

4P  +  5O₂ ----t^o--->2P₂O₅

Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.0625}{5}< \dfrac{0.0806451}{4}\)

=> P ko cháy hết 

bài 15

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi n_Fe = a ( mol ) và n_S = b (mol )

PTHH : 

S + O₂ ---t^o---> SO₂

3Fe + 2O₂ ----t^o----> Fe₃O₄

Ta có 32b + 56a= 100

Theo PT : n_S = n_O2 = b (mol)

Theo PT : n_O2 = 2/3 n_Fe = 2/3a ( mol)

=> 2/3a + b = 1,5 

Từ những điều trên  \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}56a+32b=100\\\dfrac{2}{3}a+b=1,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Fe}=1,5.56=84\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=0,5.32=16\left(g\right)\)

Bài 16 :

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta thấy : 0,5 > 0,2 => H₂ dư , CuO đủ

PTHH : CuO + H₂ -> Cu + H₂O

             0,2        0,2     0,2   

\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).2=0,6\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: \(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\)  (1)

                \(4H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)  (2)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,1mol\\n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO}=0,1\cdot28=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{2,8}{2,8+0,4}\cdot100\%=87,5\%\\\%m_{H_2}=12,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,6mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,6\cdot158=94,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0.48}{24}=0.02\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0.672}{22.4}=0.03\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2MgO\)

\(0.02...0.01\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)

\(0.03...\left(0.03-0.01\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.03\cdot56=1.68\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=1.68+0.48=2.16\left(g\right)\)

a)

$4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5$
$S + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} SO_2$

b) Gọi $n_P = a(mol) ; n_S = b(mol) \Rightarrow 31a + 32b = 15,6(1)$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P + n_S = \dfrac{5a}{4} + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,4 ; b = 0,1

$m_P = 0,4.31 = 12,4(gam)$
$m_S = 0,1.32 = 3,2(gam)$

c) $n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_P = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5} = 0,2.142 = 28,4(gam)$
$n_{SO_2} = n_S = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow V_{SO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$