MnO2 + 4HCl\(\rightarrow\)MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

Cl2 + 2NaI \(\rightarrow\)2NaCl + I2

Ta có: nI2=\(\frac{12,7}{127.2}\)=0,05 mol

Theo ptpu: nCl2=nI2=0,05 mol mà theo pt đầu nHCl=4nCl2=0,05.4=0,2 mol

\(\rightarrow\) mHCl=0,2.36,5=7,3 gam

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\a, Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,V\text{ì}:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow Zn\text{dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b, m_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,1=13,6\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{50,4}{56}=0,9(mol)\\ PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,3.232=69,6(g)\\ c,PTHH:Fe_3O_4+8HCl\xrightarrow{t^o}FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{FeCl_2}=0,3(mol);n_{FeCl_3}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text {muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{FeCl_3}=0,3.127+0,6.162,5=135,6(g)\)

nKI = 83/166 = 0.5 (mol) 

2KI + Cl2 => 2KCl + I2 

0.5__0.25 

2KMnO4 + 16HCl -to-> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O 

0.1_______________________________0.25 

Độ tinh khiết của KMnO4 ; 0.1*158/25 * 100% = 63.2% 

\(n_{KI} = \dfrac{83}{166}=0,5(mol)\\ 2KI + Cl_2 \to 2KCl + I_2\\ n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{n_{KI}}{2} = 0,25(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 + 16HCl \to 2KCl + 2MnCl_2 + 5Cl_2 + 8H_2O\\ n_{KMnO_4\ pư} = \dfrac{2}{5}n_{Cl_2} = 0,1(mol)\\ \text{Độ tinh khiết} : \%m_{KMnO_4} = \dfrac{0,1.158}{25}.100\% = 63,2\%\)

a. \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : Al₂O₃ + 6HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

              0,1         0,6          0,2                      ( mol )

\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

b. 

PTHH : 3O₂ + 4Al -> 2Al₂O₃

              0,15                 0,1         ( mol) 

\(V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

a. \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : Al₂O₃ + 3HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

              0,1         0,3          0,2                      ( mol )

\(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

b. 

PTHH : 3O₂ + 4Al -> 2Al₂O₃

              0,15                 0,1         ( mol) 

\(V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

a. \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

- Mol theo PTHH : \(1:2:1:1\)

- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,5\rightarrow1\rightarrow0,5\rightarrow0,5\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)

b. Từ a. \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=1.\left(1+35,5\right)=36,5\left(g\right)\)

c. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

- Mol theo PTHH : \(2:1:2\)

- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,6\leftarrow0,3\rightarrow0,6\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,6.\left(2+16\right)=10,8\left(g\right)\)