a, PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

b, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{53,76}{22,4}=2,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=2,4.32=76,8\left(g\right)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{KClO_3}=76,8+168,2=245\left(g\right)\)

c, Theo pthh: \(n_{KClO_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.2,4=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{KClO_3\left(phân.huỷ\right)}=\dfrac{1,6.122,5}{245}=80\%\)

a) \(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{14,9}{74,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

              0,2<-----------0,2----->0,3

=> m_KClO3 = 0,2.122,5 = 24,5(g)

V_O2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)

b) \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{25,725}{122,5}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol KClO₃ pư là a

=> (0,21-a).122,5 + 74,5a = 16,125

=> a = 0,2 (mol)

=> n_O2 = 0,3 (mol)

=> V_O2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)

\(a,PTHH:2KMnO_4\rightarrow^{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4\left(bđ\right)}=m_{\text{chất rắn}}+m_{O_2}=109,6\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{MnO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MnO_2}=0,3\cdot87=26,1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{26,1}{100}\cdot100\%=26,1\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{KMnO_4}=100\%-26,1\%=73,9\%\)

a)\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{36,75}{122,5}=0,3mol\)

\(2KClO_3\rightarrow2KCl+3O_2\)

0,3               0,3        0,45

\(V_{O_2}=0,45\cdot22,4=10,08l\)

b)\(n_P=\dfrac{9,3}{31}=0,3mol\)

\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

0,3      0,45    0

0,3      0,375  0,15

0         0,075  0,15

\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,14\cdot142=19,88g\)

a) Sau phản ứng : $m_{chất\ rắn} = 18,88(gam)$

b) Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

$m_{O_2} = 20 - 18,8 = 1,12(gam)$

$n_{O_2} = 1,12 : 32 = 0,035(mol)$
$V_{O_2} = 0,035.22,4 = 0,784(lít)$

a) PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{NaOH}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,1\cdot40=4\left(g\right)\)

c) PTHH: \(H_2+CuO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{10}{80}=0,125\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuO còn dư, Hidro p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{rắn}=m_{Cu}+m_{CuO}=9,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2mol\)

\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)

    0,2                               0,2         0,3    ( mol )

\(V_{O_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437l\)

\(m_{KCl}=0,2.74,5=14,9g\)

a, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)

c, BTKL, có: m_H2 + m_CuO = m _{chất rắn} + m_H2O

⇒ a = 0,1.2 + 12 - 1,8 = 10,4 (g)