\(a,n_{\left(NH_4\right)_3PO_4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_N=0,6.3=1,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_N=1,8.14=25,2\left(g\right)\\ n_H=4.3.0,6=7,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_H=7,2.1=7,2\left(g\right)\\ n_P=n_{hc}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=0,6.31=18,6\left(g\right)\\ n_O=4.0,6=2,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_O=2,4.16=38,4\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,2=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.\dfrac{1}{15}=22,8\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{20,52}{342}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\ n_O=4.3.0,06=0,72\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,72}{2}=0,36\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,36.22,4=8,064\left(l\right)\)

\(a) n_{Zn(NO_3)_2} = \dfrac{37,8}{189} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{Zn} = 0,2\ mol \to m_{Zn} = 0,2.65 = 13\ gam\\ n_N = 0,2.2 = 0,4\ mol \to m_N = 0,4.14 = 5,6\ gam\\ m_O = 37,5 - 13 - 5,6 = 18,9(gam)\\ b)n_{Fe_3(PO_4)_2} = \dfrac{10,74}{358} = 0,03(moL)\\ n_{Fe} = 0,03.3 = 0,09 \to m_{Fe} = 0,09.56 = 5,04(gam)\\ n_P = 0,03.2 = 0,06 \to m_P = 0,06.31 = 1,86(gam)\\ m_O = 10,74 - 5,04 -1,86 = 3,84(gam)\\ c) n_{Al} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol\to m_{Al} = 0,4.27 = 10,8(gam)\\ n_S = 0,2.3 = 0,6 \to m_S = 0,6.32 = 19,2(gam)\\ n_O = 0,2.12 = 2,4 \to m_O = 2,4.16 = 38,4(gam)\)

\(d) n_{Zn(NO_3)_2} = \dfrac{6.10^{20}}{6.10^{23}} = 0,001(mol)\\ n_{Zn} = 0,001 \to m_{Zn} = 0,001.65 = 0,065(gam)\\ n_N = 0,001.2 = 0,002 \to m_N = 0,002.14 = 0,028(gam)\\ n_O = 0,001.6 = 0,006 \to m_O = 0,006.16= 0,096(gam)\)

Theo gt ta có: $n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=0,2(mol);n_{Fe_3(PO_4)_2}=0,03(mol);n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=1(mol)$

a, $m_{Zn}=13(g);m_{N}=5,6(g);m_{O}=19,2(g)$

b, $m_{Fe}=5,04(g);m_{P}=1,86(g)$;m_{O}=3,84(g)$

c, $m_{Al}=10,8(g);m_{S}=19,2(g);m_{O}=38,4(g)$

d, $m_{Zn}=65(g);m_{N}=28(g);m_{O}=96(g)$

\(1,\%_{S}=\dfrac{96}{342}.100\%=\dfrac{1600}{57}\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{4,8}{\dfrac{1600}{57}\%}=17,1(g)\\ \%_{Al}=\dfrac{54}{342}.100\%=\dfrac{300}{19}\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=17,1.\dfrac{300}{19}\%=2,7(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{S}=17,1-2,7-4,8=9,6(g)\)

\(2,\) Đặt \(n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=a(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=2a;n_{O}=12a(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 12a.16-27.2a=27,6\\ \Rightarrow a=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O}=12.0,2.16=38,4(g)\\ m_{Al}=2.0,2.27=10,8(g)\\ m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,2.342=68,4(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{S}=68,4-38,4-10,8=19,2(g)\)

\(a.CTHH:K_2CO_3:\\ \%K=\dfrac{78}{138}=56,52\%\\ \%C=\dfrac{12}{138}=8,69\%\\ \%O=100\%-56,52\%-8,69\%=34,79\%\)

\(b.CTHH:H_2SO_4:\\ \%H=\dfrac{2}{98}=2,04\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{98}=32,65\%\\\%O=100\%-2,04\%-32,65\%=65,31\% \)

\(c.CTHH:CH_4:\\ \%C=\dfrac{12}{16}=75\%\\ \%H=100\%-75\%=25\%\)

a, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{42,75}{342}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_O=12n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

b, \(n_{O\left(Al_2O_3\right)}=3n_{Al_2O_3}=2n_{O\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=102\left(g\right)\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_X=342a+142b\left(g\right)\)

BTNT O, có: \(n_O=12n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+4n_{Na_2SO_4}=12a+4b\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_O=16.\left(12a+4b\right)=192a+64b\left(g\right)\)

Mà: O chiếm 50% về khối lượng.

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{192a+64b}{342a+142b}=0,5\) \(\Rightarrow b=3a\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342a}{342a+142b}.100\%=\dfrac{342a}{342a+142.3a}.100\%=44,53125\%\)

\(\%m_{Na_2SO_4}=100-44,53125=55,46875\%\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ m_hh = 342x + 160y (g)

BTNT O, có: \(n_O=12n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+4n_{CuSO_4}=12x+4y\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m_O = 16.(12x+4y) = 192x + 64y (g)

Mà: O chiếm 48,34% khối lượng.

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{192x+64y}{342x+160y}=0,4834\) \(\Rightarrow y=2x\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342x}{342x+160y}.100\%=\dfrac{342x}{342x+160.2x}.100\%\approx51,66\%\)

\(\%m_{CuSO_4}\approx48,34\%\)

\(M_{CaCO_3}=40+12+16.3=100\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%=40\%\\ \%m_C=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\\ \%m_O=100\%-\left(12\%+40\%\right)=48\%\\ M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=27.2+\left(32+16.4\right).3=342\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2.27}{342}.100\%=15,79\%\\ \%m_S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28\%\\ \%m_O=100\%-\left(28\%+15,79\%\right)=56,21\%\)