Winter in Vietnam is from late October to February. While the central and south of Vietnam get the most sunlight, which offers tourists the perfect Vietnam beach vacation with (20) temperatures ranging from 23 to 26 degrees Celsius, the north region endures humid coldness. (21)   the coldness of Northern Vietnam in winter, tourism remains in full operation as many foreign travelers come to visit this area during the time.

Sapa is beautiful all year round, but winter provides a special charm that visitors will not want to miss. The fog creates an aura of mystery that also (22)   credence to Sapa’s reputation as Heaven’s Resort. Many people, especially photography lovers, visit the town in winter (23) the temperature can dip below the freezing point, (24)  an amazing look with snow. If you love peace and tranquility, Sapa is a must-see place on your tour of Vietnam.

Mai Chau in winter can be quite cold since it has high humidity at that time of year. The region is

(25)  different ethnic minorities and provides a culturally rich experience to any tourist. You can spend your time biking and trekking or taking in the sights of farmers tending to their paddy fields. Make your way to Chieu Cave as well, which boasts stunning stalactites that are breathtaking in their beauty.

Tam Dao is also a splendid sight to visit. Majestic mountains loom through clouds and invite visitors to marvel (26)  their beauty. One of the highlights of this area is Tam Dao National Park. It has a unique climate as the tall mountain range divides the region into two parts, which (27)

rich biodiversity. The park has eight types of forests and more than 800 species of animals.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

          Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.

          With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their rangers, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities of farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere father to go.

          Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.

          Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, ________.

A. half of the earth's surface would be flooded

B. the sea level would rise by 2o centimetres

C. water supply would decrease by 50 percent

D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. 

Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.

With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.

Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.

Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, ______. 

A. half of the earth’s surface would be flooded 

B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters 

C. water supply would decrease by 50 percent 

D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

 Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

From “global warming” by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H.Schneider

Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to ________.

A. bloom earlier

B. die instantly

C. become lighter

D. lose color