x² - x - y² - y

= (x - y)(x + y) - (x + y)

= (x + y)(x - y - 1)

***

9x² + y² - 16z² + 6xy

= (3x + y)² - (4z)²

= (3x + y - 4z)(3x + y + 4z)

***

a³ - a²x - ay + xy

= a²(a - x) - y(a - x)

= (a - x)(a² - y)

***

2x² - 8y² + 3x + 6y

= 2(x² - 4y²) + 3(x + 2y)

= 2(x - 2y)(x + 2y) + 3(x + 2y)

= (x + 2y)(2x - 4y + 3)

***

xy(x + y) + yz(y + z) + xz(x + z) + 2xyz

= xy(x + y + z) + yz(x + y + z) + xz(x + z)

= y(x + y + z)(x + z) + xz(x + z)

= (x + z)(xy + y² + yz + xz)

= (x + z)[y(x + y) + z(x + y)]

= (x + z)(x + y)(y + z) 

a: x^2+4xy-21y^2

\(=x^2+7xy-3xy-21y^2\)

\(=x\left(x+7y\right)-3y\left(x+7y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+7y\right)\left(x-3y\right)\)

b: \(5x^2+6xy+y^2\)

\(=5x^2+5xy+xy+y^2\)

=5x(x+y)+y(x+y)

=(x+y)(5x+y)

c: \(x^2+2xy-15y^2\)

\(=x^2+5xy-3xy-15y^2\)

=x(x+5y)-3y(x+5y)

=(x+5y)(x-3y)

d: \(x^2-7xy+10y^2\)

\(=x^2-2xy-5xy+10y^2\)

=x(x-2y)-5y(x-2y)

=(x-2y)(x-5y)

a) \(x^2+4xy-21y^2\)

\(=x^2+7xy-3xy-21y^2\)

\(=x\left(x+7y\right)-3y\left(x+7y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+7y\right)\left(x-3y\right)\)

b) \(5x^2+6xy+y^2\)

\(=5x^2+5xy+xy+y^2\)

\(=5x\left(x+y\right)+y\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(5x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

c) \(x^2+2xy-15y^2\)

\(=x^2+5xy-3xy-15y^2\)

\(=x\left(x+5y\right)-3y\left(x+5y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+5y\right)\left(x-3y\right)\)

d) \(x^2-7xy+10y^2\)

\(=x^2-2xy-5xy+10y^2\)

\(=x\left(x-2y\right)-5y\left(x-2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-5y\right)\left(x-2y\right)\)

a) x² + 4xy - 21y²

= x² - 3xy + 7xy - 21y²

= (x² - 3xy) + (7xy - 21y²)

= x(x - 3y) + 7y(x - 3y)

= (x - 3y)(x + 7y)

b) 5x² + 6xy + y²

= 5x² + 5xy + xy + y²

= (5x² + 5xy) + (xy + y²)

= 5x(x + y) + y(x + y)

= (x + y)(5x + y)

c) x² + 2xy - 15y²

= x² + 2xy + y² - 16y²

= (x² + 2xy + y²) - 16y²

= (x + y)² - (4y)²

= (x + y - 4y)(x + y + 4y)

= (x - 3y)(x + 5y)

d) x² - 7xy + 10y²

= x² - 2xy - 5xy + 10y²

= (x² - 2xy) - (5xy + 10y²)

= x(x - 2y) - 5y(x - 2y)

= (x - 2y)(x - 5y)

a) \(xy+y^2-x-y=y\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(y-1\right)\)

b) \(25-x^2+4xy-4y^2=25-\left(x-2y\right)^2=\left(5-x+2y\right)\left(5+x-2y\right)\)

c) \(x^2-4x+3=x^2-x-3x+3=x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)

d) \(y^2\left(x-1\right)-7y^3+7xy^3\)

\(=y^2\left(x-1-7y+7xy\right)\)

\(=y^2\left[\left(x-1\right)-7y\left(1-x\right)\right]=y^2\left(x-1\right)\left(1+7y\right)\)

a)

 \(xy+y^2-x-y\\ =\left(xy-x\right)+\left(y^2-y\right)\\ =x\left(y-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)\\ =\left(y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

b)

 \(25-x^2+4xy-4y^2\\ =25-\left(x^2-4xy-4y^2\right)\\ =5^5-\left(x-y\right)^2\\ =\left(5+x-y\right)\left(5-x+y\right)\)

x²y-xy²-3x+3y

=(x²y-xy²)-(3x-3y)

=xy(x-y)-3(x-y)

=(x-y).(xy-3)

a) \(x^3+4x^2-21x\)

\(=x\left(x^2+4x-21\right)\)

\(=x\left(x^2-3x+7x-21\right)\)

\(=x\left[x\left(x-3\right)+7\left(x-3\right)\right]\)

\(=x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+7\right)\)

b) \(5x^3+6x^2+x\)

\(=x\left(5x^2+6x+1\right)\)

\(=x\left(5x^2+5x+x+1\right)\)

\(=x\left[5x\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\right]\)

\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(5x+1\right)\)

c) \(x^3-7x+6\)

\(=x^3+2x^2-3x-2x^2-4x+6\)

\(=x\left(x^2+2x-3\right)-2\left(x^2+2x-3\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x-3\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

d) \(3x^3+2x-5\)

\(=3x^3+3x^2+5x-3x^2-3x-5\)

\(=x\left(3x^2+3x+5\right)-\left(3x^2+3x+5\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(3x^2+3x+5\right)\)

a. 6x³-x²-486x+81

= 6x³-54x²+53x²-477x-9x+81

= 6x².(x-9)+53x.(x-9)-9.(x-9)

= (x-9).(6x²+53x-9)

= (x-9)(6x²+54x-x-9)

=(x-9)[6x.(x+9)-(x+9)]=(x-9)(x+9)(6x-1)

b. x³-5x²+3x+9

= x³+x²-6x²-6x+9x+9

=x².(x+1)-6x.(x+1)+9.(x+1)

=(x+1)(x²-6x+9)=(x+1)(x-3)²

c. x³+3x²+6x+4

= x³+x²+2x²+2x+4x+4

= x².(x+1)+2x.(x+1)+4.(x+1)

= (x+1)(x²+2x+4)

d. 

\(a,x^2-5x+6\\=x^2-3x-2x+6\\=x(x-3)-2(x-3)\\=(x-3)(x-2)\\---\\b,3x^2+9x-30\\=3x^2-6x+15x-30\\=3x(x-2)+15(x-2)\\=(x-2)(3x+15)\\=3(x-2)(x+5)\\---\)

\(c,x^2-3x+2\\=x^2-x-2x+2\\=x(x-1)-2(x-1)\\=(x-1)(x-2)\\---\\d,3x^2-5x-2\\=3x^2-6x+x-2\\=3x(x-2)+(x-2)\\=(x-2)(3x+1)\\Toru\)