Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\), ta có:

\(\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{a+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{c+b}+\dfrac{4}{a+c}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{a+c}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3a\left(a+b\right)+3b\left(a+b\right)-12ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3a^2+3ab+3ab+3b^2-12ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3a^2+3b^2-6ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)

Tương tự ta có:

\(\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)

Cộng vế (1) (2)(3) ta được:

\(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}+\dfrac{8}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\)

\(VT=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)

\(VT\ge\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}=\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)

\(VT\ge\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}+\frac{4}{2a+b+c}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Bài 1:

a) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:

\(VT=a-1+\frac{1}{a-1}+1\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a-1}{a-1}}+1=2+1=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2\).

b) BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2\ge2\sqrt{a^2+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+1-2\sqrt{a^2+1}+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a^2+1}-1\right)^2\ge0\) ( LĐ )

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=0\).

Bài 2: tương tự 1b.

Bài 3:

Do \(a,b,c\) dương nên ta có các BĐT:

\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c}\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{a+b+c}< \frac{b}{b+c}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{a+b+c}< \frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c}\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT:

\(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< 2\)( đpcm )

b)

Đề: Cho a, b, c > 0 và abc = ab + bc + ca. Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{1}{a+2b+3c}+\frac{1}{2a+3b+c}+\frac{1}{3a+b+2c}\le\frac{3}{16}\)

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

\(abc=ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)

Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\), ta có:

\(\frac{1}{a+2b+3c}+\frac{1}{2a+3b+c}+\frac{1}{3a+b+2c}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left[\frac{3}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{3}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{3}{2\left(a+b\right)}\right]\)

\(=\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)

\(\le\frac{3}{32}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(=\frac{3}{16}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c 

a^4 +b^4 >= ab^3 +a^3 b (1)
<=> 4a^4 +4b^4 - 4ab(a^2 +b^2) >= 0
<=> [(a^2 +b^2 )^2 - 4ab(a^2 +a^2) +4a^2 b^2 ] +3a^4 +3b^4 -6a^2 b^2 >=0
<=> (a -b )^4 +3(a^4 + b^4 -2a^2 b^2 ) >= 0 (2)
cos (a-b )^4 >= 0
a^4 + b^4 >= 2a^2 b^2 (co si có thể không cần co si cũng được )
=> (2) đúng => (1) đúng => dpcm
b) a^2 +b^2 +1 >= ab +a+b (1)
<=>2a^2 +2b^2 +2 -2ab -2a-2b >=0
<=>[a^2 +b^2 -2ab ] +[a^2 -2a +1] +[b^2 -2b +1 ] >=0
<=>(a -b)^2 +(a-1)^2 + (b-1)^2 >=0 (2)
(2) đúng (1) đúng => dpcm

@ngonhuminh

xét hiệu \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{4}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}-\frac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)

vì (a-b)²>=0

mà a,b>0 nên ab>0;a+b>0

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{4}{ab}\ge0\)

hay \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{ab}\left(dpcm\right)\)

Minh Triều @@ chẳng liên quan @@

đang hỏi toán lại đi ngắm avatar và bình :D