Bài 1:
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(VT=a-1+\frac{1}{a-1}+1\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a-1}{a-1}}+1=2+1=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2\).
b) BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2\ge2\sqrt{a^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+1-2\sqrt{a^2+1}+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a^2+1}-1\right)^2\ge0\) ( LĐ )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=0\).
Bài 2: tương tự 1b.
Bài 3:
Do \(a,b,c\) dương nên ta có các BĐT:
\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{a+b+c}< \frac{b}{b+c}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{a+b+c}< \frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT:
\(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< \frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< \frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}< 2\)( đpcm )