a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

____0,1_____0,2______0,1_____0,1 (mol)

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)

b, \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _{chất rắn} = m_{CuO (dư)} + m_Cu = 0,05.80 + 0,1.64 = 10,4 (g)

\(a,n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{126}=0,1mol\\ Na_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+SO_2+H_2O\\ n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1mol\\ V_{SO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ b,n_{HCl}=0,1.2=0,2mol\\ C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\\ c,n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40.10}{100.40}=0,1mol\\ T=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\\ \Rightarrow Tạo,NaHSO_3\\ NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow NaHSO_3\\ m_{NaHSO_3}=0,1.64+0,1.40=10,4g\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl₂ + H₂

          0,1---->0,1----------------->0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,1 => CuO dư

Theo pthh: n_Cu = n_H2 = 0,1 (mol)

=> m_Cu = 0,1.64 = 6,4 (g)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\) 
         0,1    0,2                           0,2 
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\ C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(G\right)\\ pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ LTL:0,25>0,1\) 
=>CuO dư 
\(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4g\)

1:

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

______0,2------>0,2------------------->0,2_____(mol)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b) \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)

2:

a) 

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

______0,2<------0,4------------------>0,2______(mol)

=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

a, \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2CH₃COOH + CaCO₃ ---> (CH₃COO)₂Ca + CO₂↑ + H₂O

               0,2<----------0,1--------------------------------->0,1

b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_1=\dfrac{0,2}{0,01}=20\left(l\right)\\V_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, \(n_{CO_2}=0,1.75\%=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ ---> CaCO₃↓ + H₂O

                           0,075--->0,075

=> m_giảm = m_CaCO3 - m_CO2 = 0,075.100 - 0,075,44 = 4,2 (g)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1mol\)

a)\(2CH_3COOH+CaCO_3\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+CO_2+H_2O\)

       0,2                   0,1                  0,1                   0,1      0,1

b)\(V_1=V_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,01}=20l\)

   \(V_2=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)

c)Dẫn 75% khí \(CO_2\) qua dung dịch \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\) thì: \(n_{CO_2}=0,1\cdot75\%=0,075mol\)

   \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

   0,075    0,075           0,075

   Khối lượng \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\) giảm và giảm:

   \(\Delta m=m_{CaCO_3}-m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,075\cdot100-0,075\cdot40=4,5g\)

a)

$M + 2HCl \to MCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{HCl} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$

Theo PTHH : $n_M = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)$

$\Rightarrow M = \dfrac{3,6}{0,15} = 24(Mg)$

b)

$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{MgCl_2} = 0,15.95 = 14,25(gam)$

c) $n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,15(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$

a) n_Al = 43,2/27 = 1,6 mol

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2

1,6                                 \(\dfrac{1,6\times3}{2}=2,4\)

→ n_H2 = 2,4 mol → V_H2 = 2,4 x 22, 4 = 53,76 lít

b) nCuO = 64/80 = 0,8 mol

nH2 = 2,4 mol

→ H2 dư, phương trình tính theo số mol của CuO

CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O

0,8        0,8       0,8    0,8

Chất rắn sau phản ứng có Cu

mCu = 0,8 x 64 = 51,2 gam