\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=11\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{0.1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%=50.91\%\)

\(\%Al=49.09\%\)

n Al = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol)

=> 27a + 56b = 20,65(1)

2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

a...........1,5a............0,5a............1.5a..(mol)

Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

b...........b..............b............b......(mol)

=> n H2 = 1,5a + b = 0,725(2)

Từ 1,2 suy ra a = 0,35 ; b = 0,2

Suy ra :

%m Al = 0,35.27/20,65  .100% = 45,76%
%m Fe = 100% -45,76% = 54,24%

m H2SO4 = (1,5a + b).98 = 71,05 gam

m muối = m kim loại + m H2SO4 -m H2 = 20,65 + 71,05 -0,725.2 = 90,25 gam

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe

n_H2 = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4 mol

Pt: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

......x.................................0,5x...........1,5x

.....Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂

.......y..........................y............y

Ta có hệ pt:

 {27x+56y=11

   1,5x+y=0,4

⇔x=0,2, y=0,1

% m_Al = \(\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}\).100%=49,1%

% m_Fe = \(\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}\).100%=50,9%

m_Al2(SO4)3 = 0,5x . 342 = 0,5 . 0,2 . 342 = 34,2 (g)

m_FeSO4 = 152y = 152 . 0,1 = 15,2 (g)

Gọi CTTQ: M_xO_y

Pt: M_xO_y + yH₂ --to--> xM + yH₂O

\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)<-------0,4

Ta có: 232,2=\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)(56x+16y)

⇔23,2=\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)+6,4

⇔\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)=16,8

⇔22,4x=16,8y

⇔x:y=3:4

Vậy CTHH của oxit: Fe₃O₄

Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Mg}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+24y=8(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,2(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,1(mol)\\ y=0,1(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4(g) \end{cases} \)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 24x + 27y = 7,8 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

BT e, có: 2x + 3y = 0,8 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%\approx30,77\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx69,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, BTNT Mg và Al, có:

n_MgCl2 = n_Mg = 0,1 (mol)

 n_AlCl3 = n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{0,1.95+0,2.133,5}.100\%\approx26,24\%\\\%m_{AlCl_3}\approx73,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

^{trả lời nhanh cho em ạ}

\(Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=10,2\\x+1,5y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2.24}{10,2}.100=47,06\%\\ \%m_{Al}=52,94\%\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+3n_{Al}=0,2.2+0,3.2=1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)

a) Gọi số mol Fe, Cr là a, b (mol)

=> 56a + 52b = 10,8 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ --> FeSO₄ + H₂

             a---->a------------------->a

             Cr + H₂SO₄ --> CrSO₄ + H₂

              b--->b------------------->b

=> a + b = 0,2 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10,8}.100\%=51,85\%\\\%Cr=\dfrac{0,1.52}{10,8}.100\%=48,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=a+b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2Al+6H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\\ Mg+2H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

Đặt \(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,65\\1,5a+b=0,375\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,15}{7,65}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=100\%-52,94\%=47,06\%\)

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