2:

a: Gọi d=ƯCLN(4n+7;2n+3)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4n+7⋮d\\2n+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4n+7⋮d\\4n+6⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow1⋮d\)

=>d=1

=>ƯCLN(4n+7;2n+3)=1

b: Gọi \(d=ƯCLN\left(3n+5;6n+9\right)\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3n+5⋮d\\6n+9⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6n+10⋮d\\6n+9⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(1⋮d\)

=>d=1

=>Đây là phân số tối giản

a) Áp dụng t/x dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{-5}=\dfrac{3x}{6}=\dfrac{2z}{-10}=\dfrac{3x-2z}{6+10}=\dfrac{48}{16}=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3.2=6\\y=3.3=9\\z=3.\left(-5\right)=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{-13}=\dfrac{z}{17}=\dfrac{2y}{-26}=\dfrac{3z}{51}=\dfrac{2y-3z}{-26-51}=\dfrac{77}{-77}=-1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10.\left(-1\right)=-10\\y=\left(-13\right).\left(-1\right)=13\\z=17.\left(-1\right)=-17\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{-5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{2z}{-10}\)

Áp dụng t/c của DTSBN, ta có: \(\dfrac{3x-2z}{6-\left(-10\right)}=\dfrac{48}{16}=3\)

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=3\Rightarrow x=6\)

\(\dfrac{y}{3}=3\Rightarrow y=9\)

\(\dfrac{z}{-5}=3\Rightarrow z=-15\)

b: Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x}{10}=\dfrac{y}{-13}=\dfrac{z}{17}=\dfrac{2y-3z}{2\cdot\left(-13\right)-3\cdot17}=\dfrac{77}{-77}=-1\)

Do đó: x=-10; y=13; z=-17

a, \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3,2y-6\in Z\\x-3,2y-6\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy không có x,y thỏa mãn đề bài 

b, tương tự câu a

 \(c,xy-5x+2y=7\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-5\right)+2y-10=-3\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-5\right)+2\left(y-5\right)=-3\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(y-5\right)=-3\)

Rồi làm tương tự câu a

\(d,xy-3x-4y=5\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-3\right)-4y+12=17\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-3\right)-4\left(y-3\right)=17\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(y-3\right)=17\)

Rồi làm tương tự câu a

a, Ta có : 

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có : 

\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z-2-6+3}{4+9-4}=\dfrac{50-5}{9}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=11;y=17;z=23\)

b, Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow xyz=810\)

\(\Rightarrow2k.3k.5k=810\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)

\(\Rightarrow x=6;y=9;z=15\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{2x-2}{4};\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9};\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{4+9-4}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-1}{2}=5\\\dfrac{y-2}{3}=5\\\dfrac{z-3}{4}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\y=17\\z=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)

xyz = 810

=> 2k.3k.5k = 810

=> k = 3

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=9\\z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

nên \(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

mà 2x+3y-z=50

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z-2-6+3}{4+9-4}=\dfrac{50-5}{9}=5\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=10\\y-2=15\\z-3=20\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\y=17\\z=23\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: xyz=810

\(\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k=2\cdot3=6\\y=3k=3\cdot3=6\\z=5k=5\cdot3=15\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: =>\(\dfrac{x}{-5}=\dfrac{y}{-7}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{-5+7+2}=\dfrac{-28}{4}=-7\)

=>x=35; y=49; z=-14

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

`x/-5=y/-7=z/2=(x-y+z)/((-5)-(-7)+2)=-28/4=-7`

`-> x/-5=y/-7=z/2=-7`

`-> x=-7*-5=35, y=-7*-7=49, z=-7*2=-14`

Lời giải:
a.

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{x-y}{2-\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{15}{\frac{1}{2}}=30\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=60\\ y=45\\ z=40\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

Từ đkđb suy ra \(\frac{10x}{1}=\frac{5y}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{1}{6}}=\frac{10x-5y+z}{1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}}=\frac{25}{\frac{5}{6}}=30\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3\\ y=2\\ z=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1:

Giải:

Ta có: \(3\left(x-1\right)=2\left(y-2\right)=3\left(z-3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-1}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{y-2}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{z-3}{\frac{1}{3}}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{x-1}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{y-2}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{z-3}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{2x-2}{\frac{2}{3}}=\frac{3y-6}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{z-3}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{2x-2+3y-6+z-3}{\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{\left(2x+3y+z\right)-\left(2+6+3\right)}{\frac{5}{2}}\)

\(=\frac{50-11}{\frac{5}{2}}=\frac{39}{\frac{5}{2}}=39.\frac{2}{5}=15,6\)

+) \(\frac{x-1}{\frac{1}{3}}=15,6\Rightarrow x-1=5,2\Rightarrow x=6,2\)

+) \(\frac{y-2}{\frac{1}{2}}=15,6\Rightarrow y-2=7,8\Rightarrow y=9,8\)

+) \(\frac{z-3}{\frac{1}{3}}=15,6\Rightarrow z-3=5,2\Rightarrow z=8,2\)

Vậy bộ số \(\left(x;y;z\right)\) là \(\left(6,2;9,8;8,2\right)\)

Bài 1:

a) \(=\dfrac{8}{15}\left(\dfrac{7}{13}+\dfrac{6}{13}\right)=\dfrac{8}{15}.1=\dfrac{8}{15}\)

b) \(=\dfrac{3.3-7-2.4}{12}=-\dfrac{6}{12}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Bài 2:

 \(\dfrac{x}{2,7}=-\dfrac{2}{3,6}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\left(-2\right).2,7}{3,6}\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Bài 3:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x+y}{2+5}=-\dfrac{21}{7}=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(-3\right).2=-6\\y=\left(-3\right).5=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)